In 2011, an article published by the medical journalGut-An International Journal of Gastroenterologyand Hepatolgy reported the results of a study conducted in Japan in which a dog was tested to see whether she could detect colorectal cancer. The dog used was an 8-year-old black Labrador named Marine study was designed so that the dog first smelled from a bag that had been breathed into by a patient with colorectal cancer. This was the standard that the dog would use to judge the other bags. Marine then smelled the breath in five different bags from five different patients, only one of which contained breath from a colorectal cancer patient (not the same as the original patient); the others contained breath from non-cancer patients. The dog was then trained to sit next to the bag which she thought contained breath from a cancer patient (i.e., had the cancer scent). If she sat down next to the correct bag, she was rewarded with a tennis ball. Marine completed 36 attempts of this experimental procedure, with a different set of five patients each time: four non-cancer patients and one cancer patient. And, each time, whether or not she correctly identified the bag with the breath of the cancer patient was recorded.Marine found the correct bag 33 times.

(a) Identify the observational units. Is the variable quantitative or categorical?

observational units:

variable:

variable type:

(b) give one-sentence interpretation of theparameterof interest in this study. What symbol can we use to refer to this parameter?

Parameter in sentence form:

Symbol:

(c) give one-sentence interpretation of thestatisticwe will observe in this study. What symbol can

we use to refer to this statistic?

Statistic in sentence form:

Symbol:

(d) State the null and alternative hypothesis in words and symbols.

Null:

Alternative:

(e) Compute the appropriate p-value using an applet.

p-value:

(f) Compute the appropriate standardized statistic.

standardized statistic:

(f) What do you conclude?

conclusion: