In 2015 college students at a large state university completed a survey about their academic and personal life. Questions ranged from "How many credits are you registered for this semester?" to "Would you define yourself as a vegetarian?"

The researcher randomly selected 325 students from the university; 312 responded to the survey.

Prompt

Thecell-phone datafile is available in theData section below.

Once again, here is the research question for this lab.

Based on a recent study, roughly 80% of college students in the U.S. own a smartphone. Is the proportion of smartphone owners lower at this university?

Respond to each of the following in your initial post.

1. State your hypotheses in symbolic form and in words. (The following should be clear in your answer: the population of interest and the meaning of the proportion p in terms of the variable Cell.)
2. Verify that normality conditions are met.
3. Use WebApps-Inference for a Proportion(Links to an external site.) to conduct the hypothesis test (enter the data, Sample Size, and # of success).
4. Find the P-value and interpret its meaning as a conditional probability.
5. State a conclusion that answers the research question. Use a significance level of 5%. (Your answer should include the P-value and reference the population and the variable Cell.)

Variables

• Math:Math SAT score
• Verbal:Verbal SAT score
• Credits:Number of credits the student is registered for
• Year:Year in college (1=Freshman, 2=Sophomore, 3=Junior, 4=Senior)
• Exercise:Time (in minutes) spent exercising in a typical day
• Sleep:Time (in hours) spent sleeping in a typical day
• Veg:Are you a vegetarian (yes, no, some)
• Cell: Do you own a smartphone (yes, no)