In a clinical trial of

2115

subjects treated with a certain drug,

29

reported headaches. In a control group of

1622

subjects given a placebo,

25

reported headaches. Denoting the proportion of headaches in the treatment group by

pt

and denoting the proportion of headaches in the control (placebo) group by

pc,

the relative risk is

pt/pc.

The relative risk is a measure of the strength of the effect of the drug treatment. Another such measure is the odds ratio, which is the ratio of the odds in favor of a headache for the treatment group to the odds in favor of a headache for the control (placebo) group, found by evaluating

pt/1ptpc/1pc.

The relative risk and odds ratios are commonly used in medicine and epidemiological studies. Find the relative risk and odds ratio for the headache data. What do the results suggest about the risk of a headache from the drug treatment?

Question content area bottom

Part 1

Find the relative risk for the headache data.

The relative

risk=enter your response here

(Round to three decimal places as needed.)

Part 2

Find the odds ratio for the headache data.

The odds

ratio=enter your response here

(Round to three decimal places as needed.)

Part 3

What do the results suggest about the risk of a headache from the drug treatment?

A.

The drug does not appear to pose a risk of headaches because

pt

is slightly less than

pc.

B.

The drug has no risk because the relative risk and odds ratio are almost equal.

C.

The drug appears to pose a risk of headaches because the odds ratio is greater than 1.0.

D.

The drug appears to pose a risk of headaches because

pt

is greater than

pc.