In a study of parents' perceptions of their children's size, researchers Kaufman et al. (Current Biology, 2013) asked parents to estimate their youngest child's height. The researchers hypothesized that parents tend to underestimate their youngest child's size because the youngest child is the baby of the family and everybody else is the family appears bigger compared to the baby.

The researchers also surveyed a sample of31

parents about their eldest child's height. The parents overestimated their eldest child's height by0.35

cm, on average; the standard deviation for the difference in actual heights and estimated heights was5.8

cm without strong skewness in the data.

Is there evidence that parents tend to either over- or under-estimate eldest children's heights? Carry out a theory-based test using anappropriate appletor statistical software. Find and report a p-value as well as a standardized statistic.Round the test statistic to 2 decimal places, e.g. 5.83, and the p-value to 4 decimal places, e.g. 0.0583.

T= P=

Using anappropriate appletor statistical software, find a 95% confidence interval for the difference.Round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 5.83.

Confidence interval = (Enter your answer; confidence interval, lower bound,Enter your answer; confidence interval, upper bound)

We have found a very significant difference in the actual and estimated average heights of eldest children by their parents, with parents, on average, estimating the height of their oldest child between 1.78 and 2.48 cm more than actual height. (True or False)

What assumption do you have to make about the data in order for the validity conditions of the appropriate theory-based test to be satisfied?

a.)The sample size is smaller.

b.)There is not strong skewness in the distribution of differences in actual and estimated heights.

c.)There is strong skewness in the distribution of differences in actual and estimated heights.

d.)The sample size is larger.