In APA format help me reference this A significant aspect of country risk, which frequently emerges from protectionism, is government intervention. National economic policies that limit free trade and defend homegrown sectors from outside competition are referred to as protectionism. Protectionism frequently results in kinds of interventions like tariffs, nontariff obstacles like quotas, and arbitrary administrative restrictions intended to deter imports. Tariffs are tariffs on imported goods that are established primarily to raise money for the government and shield native sectors from foreign rivalry. Trade restrictions without a direct tax are known as nontariff trade barriers (Abutabenjeh, Gordon, & Mengistu, 2017)