in context to pakistan

(a) Define business combination and its scope. Explain causes of business combinations and types of combinations. (b) List out the characteristics and features of Joint Stock Company. Moreover, explain the process for creation/formation of joint stock companies according to Companies Act 2017 with example. (a) Explain the nature and scope of financial markets and institutions in Pakistan. (b) Ms. Maryam Fatima is 30 years of age, and her salary next year will be Rs. 40,000. Ms. Maryam forecasts that her salary will increase at a steady rate of 5% per annum until her retirement at age 60 . If the discount rate is 8%, what is the PV of these future salary payments? Moreover, If Ms. Maryam Fatima saves 5% of her salary each year and invests these savings at an interest rate of 8%, how much will she have saved by age 60