In each of the following independent scenarios, identify whether there is a valid contract between the two parties and explain why: a) Melissa Corsetti made an offer to sell her car to Vilmer Walderson, promising to keep the offer open for a week. However, Melissa changed her mind, sold the car to someone else, and phoned Vilmer to inform him that she was withdrawing her offer because she had sold the car to someone else. Vilmer was angry and said that he wanted the car and was going to hold Melissa to her promise to hold the offer open for a week. Vilmer wants to sue for breach of contract. (1.5 marks) b) Stephen Ebanks offered to sell Liam Nason his car for $500. Liam responded by saying, "I accept, providing you install a new radio in that car." (1.5 marks) c) Samantha Cohen has been a friend of Jill Dean's for 20 years and has often accompanied Jill as she sailed her classic yacht. Samantha has often told Jill how much she would like to have the yacht. On Friday night, a friend told Samantha that Jill had suffered some business losses and was going to have to sell the yacht. Samantha immediately wrote Jill a letter offering to purchase the yacht for $125,000. Unknown to Samantha, Jill had written Samantha a similar letter offering to sell the yacht for $125,000. These two letters passed in the mail. Samantha received Jill's letter at 12 p.m. on Monday, and Jill received Samantha's letter at 2:30 p.m. on Monday. (1.5 marks) d) Gavinder Brar advertised his house for sale, and Rayaan Sharma came to have a look at it. While there, Gavinder and Rayaan struck a bargain that Rayaan would purchase the house for $400,000. They shook hands on the deal and Rayaan went home. That night, while thinking about it, Rayaan realized that the house was not exactly what he wanted, and so the next day he wrote a letter to Gavinder stating, "I am writing this note to let you know that I have changed my mind with respect to the purchase of your home for $400,000, and since the contract is not valid in any case, I do not expect to hear any more of the matter. Sincerely, Rayaan." Gavinder sued Rayaan for breach of contract. (1.5 marks)