In early $2015,$ Ford Motor$($F$)$ had a book value of equity of $ $24\mathrm{.}5$billion$,3\mathrm{.}2$ billion shares$$ outstanding, and a market price of $ $15\mathrm{.}89$ per share. Ford also had cash of $ $21\mathrm{.}9$billion$,$ and total debt of $ $120\mathrm{.}7$ billion. Three years$$ later, in early $2018,$ Ford had a book value of equity of $ $35\mathrm{.}7$billion$,4\mathrm{.}7$ billion shares outstanding with a market price of $ $11\mathrm{.}97$ per$$ share, cash of $ $26\mathrm{.}9$billion$,$ and total debt of $ $157\mathrm{.}1$ billion. Over this$$ period, what was the change in$$ Ford's

a$.$ book$$ debt$-$equity ratio?

b$.$ market$$ debt$-$equity ratio?

Question content area bottom

Part $1$

a$.$ From $2015$ until $2018,$ what was$$ Ford's change in book$$ debt$-$equity ratio?

Part $2$

The change in$$ Ford's book$$ debt$-$equity ratio was

$$

enter your response here. $($Round to two decimal$$ places.$)$

Part $3$

b$.$ From $2015$ until $2018,$ what was$$ Ford's change in market$$ debt$-$equity ratio?

Part $4$

The change in$$ Ford's market$$ debt$-$equity ratio was

$$

enter your response here. $($Round to two decimal$$ places.$)$