In his book A Theory of Justice published in 1971, John Rawls, an American philosopher, aimed to give an account of justice that embodies a Kantian conception of equality, and as a modern alternative to Utilitarianism. Rawls combines Kants respect for each individual with the utilitarian preference for the greatest good for the greatest number.

Rawls pointed to two ambiguous phrases in his second principle. These phrases are everyones advantage and open to all. Comment on these, giving an example of how easy it is to disregard this principle.