In R$...$

Use the right to work laws data set Download right to work laws data setfor this problem. The code here Download code herehas more details about the data set and some prompts to help you get started with this problem.

a$)$ How many observations are in the data set?

b$)$ What is the mean of COL?

c$)$ Regress COL on PD$,$ URate, Taxes, and Income. What is the R$2$ value for the regression?

$($d$)$ What is the estimated change in cost of living associated with a one unit increase in population density?

$($e$)$ Test the hypothesis that the coefficient on Taxes$=0.$ What is the p$-$value?

Data Set:

City COL PD URate Pop Taxes Income RTWL

Atlanta $16941413\mathrm{.}61790128512829611$

Austin $14323911396891430317111$

Bakersfield $3394323\mathrm{.}7349874416621220$

Baltimore $173951212147850500146540$

Baton Rouge $9925516411725396516201$

Boston $363125724\mathrm{.}43914071492856340$

Buffalo $25383439\mathrm{.}21326848447172130$

Champaign$-$Urbana $11716231\mathrm{.}5162304481355350$

Cedar Rapids $29422918\mathrm{.}2164145483972241$

Chicago $291188631\mathrm{.}57015251540861130$

Cincinnati $17064329\mathrm{.}51381196463748060$

Cleveland $239129529\mathrm{.}51966725513864320$

Dalas $174302112527224492323631$

Dayton $18348929\mathrm{.}5835708478756060$

Denvar $22730415\mathrm{.}21413318538659820$

Detriot $255113034\mathrm{.}64424382524662750$

Green Bay $24932327\mathrm{.}8169467428982140$

Hartford $32669621\mathrm{.}91062565513462350$

Houston $194337112286247508412781$

Indianapolis $25137129\mathrm{.}31138753483756990$

Kansas City $201386301290110505248680$

Lancaster, PA $12436234\mathrm{.}2342797437752050$

Los Angeles $340171723\mathrm{.}76986898528113490$

Milwaukee $32896827\mathrm{.}81409363517676350$

Minneapolis, St$.$ Paul $26543324\mathrm{.}42010841520683920$

Nashville $12018317\mathrm{.}7748493445435781$

New York $323690839\mathrm{.}29561089526048620$

Orlando $11723011\mathrm{.}758266446137821$

Philadelphia $182135334\mathrm{.}24807001487751440$

Pittsburgh $16976234\mathrm{.}22322224467759870$

Portland $26720123\mathrm{.}1228417412375110$

St$.$ Louis $184480302366542472148090$

San Diego $25637223\mathrm{.}71584583483714580$

San Francisco $381126623\mathrm{.}73140306594030150$

Seattle $19533333\mathrm{.}11406746541644240$

Washington $2051073213021801640442240$

Wichita $20615712\mathrm{.}8384920479646201$

Raleigh$-$Durham $1263026\mathrm{.}5468512461433931$