In the 6^th grade, 100 of the total 500 students reported regularly drinking caffeinated coffee. By the time they reach 12^th grade, 20 of the 6^th grade coffee drinkers reported juuling, while 40 of the kids who did not regularly drink coffee in the 6^th grade reported juuling.

In this population of students, what proportion of the incidence of juuling was attributable to 6^th grade regular coffee consumption (i.e., calculate the PAR)?

a) 55%

b) 40%

c) 23%

d) 17%