In the context of decision making, which of the following is a limitation that is shared by the rational model, the bounded rationality model, and the Z problem$-$solving model?

Group of answer choices

The lack of acknowledgement of time constraints and limits to human knowledge.

A decision maker's unwillingness to abandon a bad decision.

The failure to consider the role of emotion in decision making.

A decision maker's failure to use nonpreferences to make effective decisions.