In the development of an incident timeline a time that is based on calculations that may or may not be relative to other incident events is called:

a hard time.

a relative time.

an estimated time.

a benchmark time.

In the NIST study of the Station Nightclub fire what event was selected as the first benchmark in the development of the incident timeline?

The arrival of the fire department

The ignition of the foam wall covering

The activation of the building fire alarm

The beginning of the band performance

The bench scale tests of the pyrotechnic "Gerbs" conducted by NIST in the Station Nightclub experiments were designed to determine the :

the heat release rate of the devices.

the thermodynamic properties of the devices.

competency of the device as a ignition source.

the ability to ignite secondary fuels in the area of origin.

Which of the following is NOT a critical data element required for the fire modeling of the Station Nightclub fire?

Materials and contents

Structural dimensions

Weather conditions

Ventilation sources

The full scale physical modeling conducted by NIST as part of the Station Nightclub investigation was conducted to:

test ignition scenario hypothesis.

determine the point of fire origin.

provide data for subsequent computer modeling.

provide benchmark events for the incident timeline.

The NIST full scale fire experiment represented what portion of the actual Station Nightclub?

20 to 25 percent

45 to 50 percent

approximately 70 percent

100 percent

In the NIST un-sprinklered full scale experiment the temperature begins to decrease at approximately 80 seconds after ignition due to:

Fuel limited

Ventilation limited (oxygen depletion)

Fire suppression by fire fighters

Excessive heat loss to walls

Fire tests indicate that the polyurethane foam in the Station Nightclub fire:

contributed to the rapid initial fire growth.

was consumed before contributing to the fire growth

Self extinguished when the ignition source was removed

provided a substantial amount of the energy released during the fire.

What were the findings of the NIST experiments where Gerbs were directed at samples of wood paneling?

No ignition observed

Rapid ignition and free burning

Ignition and free burning after impingement stopped

Burning observed only while impingement was taking place

In the NIST un-sprinklered full scale experiment what was the temperature at the ceiling level 6 feet in front of the platform in approximately 50 seconds?

50C

100C

600C

800C

In the NIST full scale experiments a space was considered untenable when the temperature at 1.5 meters (5 feet) above the floor reached:

60C (140F)

100C (212F)

120C (250F)

200C (400F)

In the NIST un-sprinklered full scale experiment the event that caused conditions on the dance floor to rapidly deteriorate was the:

ignition of the foam insulation.

flashover of the drummers alcove.

opening of the side entrance behind the stage.

formation of a ceiling jet below the dance floor ceiling.

During a fire investigation the fire investigator should document a structure beyond the area of origin to include all door and window openings when:

the fire results in significant damage

there are egress issues related to incident

there is an indication of full room involvement

it is anticipated that fire modeling may be required

Collecting and preserving samples of unburned interior and other significant fuel packages will:

not provide useful data from bench scale testing

assist in the characterization of fuels for fire models

assist in the determination of the use of accelerants

provide useful information and data for fire modeling only

What tool was used by NIST to help to fill in critical details related to fire growth and the impact of the fire on occupants of the Station Fire incident?

bench scale tests

Computer simulation

Timeline development

First person interviews

The numerical tool used by NIST to determine the generation and movement of fire gases in the Station Nightclub investigation was:

FPETool.

Smoke View.

The NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator.

Bench scale testing of interior finish materials.

A CDF (computational fluid dynamics) model is what type of simulation tool?

A field model

A Zone model

A full scale simulator

A bench scale simulator

The comparison between the computational model and the available video footage of the fire indicates a variance at approximately 250 seconds into the fire. What was the cause of this variance?

The availability of additional fuel in the compartment of origin

Higher than calculated temperatures in the compartment of origin

The transition from a compartment fire to a fully involved structure

The availability of additional oxygen when the fire vented through the roof

Why is it important to document the specific configuration of a fuel during a scene examination?

Thermal conductivity may vary based on configuration

Flame spread may vary greatly for different configurations

The ignitability of a material may vary based on configuration

The availability of oxygen will vary for different configurations

Full scale fire experiments were conducted by NIST as part of the Station Nightclub investigation were designed to:

scale up the bench scale experiments conducted at NIST.

evaluate the capacity of the egress system under fire conditions.

reconstruct the thermal environment that occurred during the fire.

model the conditions occurring in each portion of the building during the fire.