In the movie The Hunt for Red October, Captain Ramius (Sean Connery) leaves a letter for the Soviet Navy announcing that he intends to defect to the United States. As a result, the Soviet Navy launches a massive effort to find and sink Ramius's ship, the Red October. In announcing that he was intending to defect, Capt. Ramius's actions could be explained as:

a. a clear, conclusive act of irrationality.

b. a step to remove the option of return to the Soviet Union, thereby increasing the likelihood

of a successful defection to the West.

c. a spurious piece of information that might affect behavior.

d. part of the process of discovering his preferences.

e. an attempt at randomizing behavior to make his adversaries less certain of his true intentions.