In the p-chart equation the numerator under the radical sign is (enter I for incorrect, V the variance in a coin toss experiment, S the standard error of a normal distribution)

In the c-chart, c is the number of defects found, for example, in a ten-foot length of extruded pipe. If 8 ten-foot sections of pipe are selected at random in a production run provided the following defect counts. Data: 4, 3, 3, 5, 2, 1, 2, 1. (enter answers to one decimal place)

• :
• UCL:
• LCL: