In the United States, the Veterans Administration (VA) is tasked with, among other things, providing quality health care for U.S. military veterans. Chronically underfunded, the agency was having difficulty providing care in a timely manner. At various locations around the country, veterans were put on lengthy waitlists before they could receive care.

Turning to a common private-sector solution in an attempt to reduce wait times, the VA provided bonuses to administrators who could reduce veterans' wait times for doctor and hospital appointments. While these incentives were meant to spur more efficient and productive health care for veterans, not all administrators complied as intended.

In one hospital, the goal was to reduce wait times to less than 14 days. Clerks would record a wait time of how many days there would be between the first available appointment date and the veteran's scheduled appointment date, disregarding any days prior to the first available date. In an email to colleagues, the clerk admitted, "Yes, it is gaming the system a bit. But you have to know the rules of the game you are playing, and when we exceed the 14-day measure, the front office gets very upset."

At some locations, veterans were put on an electronic waiting list. After waiting for up to six weeks to move to the top of that list, they were finally able to call for a doctor's appointment. If that appointment occurred soon after the call, it was counted as reducing the wait time; the time spent on the preliminary electronic waiting list was not counted. At other locations, VA officials used two sets of books, one recording the real wait times and another recording much shorter wait times that would be used to report success to superiors.

Using these and other maneuvers, executives in the VA qualified for millions of dollars of bonuses, even though actual wait times continued to lengthen. Following an audit of these practices, financial incentives for all Veterans Health Administration executives were suspended for the 2014 fiscal year.

After completing the course readings and videos answer the following questions:

1. How do companies use rewards strategies to influence employee performance and motivation? 2. Do you think performance incentives can be effective and ethical ways of increasing productivity? Why or why not? 3. As a leader, what questions should you ask before implementing incentives for your employees? 4. Whose responsibility is it to stop incentive gaming in the case of the VA: the people who designed the incentive system or the administrators who exploited it? Explain your reasoning.

Source: https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/case-study/gaming-system-va-scandal