In this lab project, we will try to estimate the average height of American teenagers by taking samples of various sizes. We will then analyze the accuracy and reliability of those estimates.

1. Open the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (Samples) Download National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (Samples)data set.
2. SelectFile > Options > Add-ins
3. Under"Manage"(near the bottom of the window), select Excel Add-ins, the clickGo...
4. Check the box forAnalysis ToolPak,then clickOK

Stimulus for question at position: 1

The following text applies to the questions at positions 1

Instructions

Randomly select the heights of four respondents.

Height Sample 4

1. Click on the sheet named "Height"
2. In cell E1, type "Sample (n = 4)"
3. Make row 1 bold and centered
4. SelectData > Data Analysis > Sampling,then clickOK
5. Set the input range to C:C and check the box for"Labels"
6. Set the sampling method toRandom and the number of samples to 4
7. Set the output range to E2
8. ClickOK

Estimate the mean height of the respondents based on your sample of size 4.

1. In cell I1, type "Sample Size"
2. In cell I2, type "4"
3. In cell J1, type "Estimate"
4. In cell J2, enter the formula =AVERAGE(E:E)

Question at position 1

1

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Question at position 1

What is your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 4? (Round to one decimal place.)

What is your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 4? (Round to one decimal place.)

Stimulus for question at position: 2

The following text applies to the questions at positions 2

Instructions

Select a simple random sample of size 16.

Height Sample 16

1. In cell F1, type "Sample (n = 16)"
2. SelectData > Data Analysis > Sampling,then clickOK
3. Set the input range to C:C and check "Labels"
4. Set the sampling method to Randomand the number of samples to 16
5. Set the output range to F2
6. ClickOK

Estimate the average height of the survey respondents based on your sample of size 16:

1. In cell I3, type "16"
2. In cell J3, enter the formula =AVERAGE(F:F)

Question at position 2

2

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Question at position 2

What is your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 16? (Round to one decimal place.)

What is your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 16? (Round to one decimal place.)

Stimulus for question at position: 3

The following text applies to the questions at positions 3

Instructions

Select a simple random sample of size 64.

Height Sample 64

1. In cell G1, type "Sample (n = 64)"
2. SelectData > Data Analysis > Sampling,then clickOK
3. Set the input range to C:C and check "Labels"
4. Set the sampling method to Randomand the number of samples to 64
5. Set the output range to G2
6. ClickOK

Estimate the average height of the survey respondents based on your sample of size 64:

1. In cell I4, type "64"
2. In cell J4, enter the formula =AVERAGE(G:G)

Question at position 3

3

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Question at position 3

What is your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 64? (Round to one decimal place.)

What is your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 64? (Round to one decimal place.)

Stimulus for questions at positions: 4, 5, 6

The following text applies to the questions at positions 4, 5, 6

Instructions

Calculate the error in your estimates by subtracting the true mean height of the respondents.

Height Error 4

1. In cell K1, type "Exact Mean"
2. In cell K2, enter the formula =AVERAGE(C:C)
3. Highlight cell K2, then fill down to the cell range K2:K4
4. In cell L1, type "Error"
5. In cell L2, enter the formula =J2-K2
6. Highlight cell L2, then fill down to the cell range L2:L4

Question at position 4

4

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Question at position 4

What is the error in your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 4? (Round to one decimal place.)

What is the error in your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 4? (Round to one decimal place.)

Question at position 5

5

1 point

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Question at position 5

What is the error in your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 16? (Round to one decimal place.)

What is the error in your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 16? (Round to one decimal place.)

Question at position 6

6

1 point

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Question at position 6

What is the error in your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 64? (Round to one decimal place.)

What is the error in your estimate (in inches) based on the sample of size 64? (Round to one decimal place.)

Stimulus for question at position: 7

The following text applies to the questions at positions 7

Instructions

Generate 200 estimates for each sample size (n = 4, 16, and 64).

Height Samples 4

1. Click the "Estimates of Mean Height" sheet, highlight the cell range A2:C2, then fill down to the cell range A2:C201

Make a histogram for the estimates based on samples of size 4.

1. Highlight column A, then select Insert > Insert Statistics Chart > Histogram
2. Click on Chart Elements, then check "Axis Titles" and uncheck "Chart Title"
3. Label the horizontal axis "Estimate (n = 4)" and the vertical axis "Frequency"
4. Right-click on the horizontal axis, then select Format Axis...
5. Set the bin width to 2.0
6. Set the underflow bin to 60.0

Question at position 7

7

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Question at position 7

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

Uniform

Bell shaped (unimodal and symmetric)

Skewed left

Skewed right

Multimodal

Clear my selection

Stimulus for question at position: 8

The following text applies to the questions at positions 8

Instructions

Make a histogram for the estimates based on samples of size 16.

Height Samples 16

1. Highlight column B, then select Insert > Insert Statistics Chart > Histogram
2. Click on Chart Elements, then check "Axis Titles" and uncheck "Chart Title"
3. Label the horizontal axis "Estimate (n = 16)" and the vertical axis "Frequency"
4. Right-click on the horizontal axis, then select Format Axis...
5. Set the bin width to 1.0
6. Set the underflow bin to 63.0

Question at position 8

8

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Question at position 8

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

Uniform

Bell shaped (unimodal and symmetric)

Skewed left

Skewed right

Multimodal

Clear my selection

Stimulus for question at position: 9

The following text applies to the questions at positions 9

Instructions

Make a histogram for the estimates based on samples of size 64.

Height Samples 64

1. Highlight column C, then select Insert > Insert Statistics Chart > Histogram
2. Click on Chart Elements, then check "Axis Titles" and uncheck "Chart Title"
3. Label the horizontal axis "Estimate (n = 64)" and the vertical axis "Frequency"
4. Right-click on the horizontal axis, then select Format Axis...
5. Set the bin width to 0.5
6. Set the underflow bin to 64.0
7. Resize all three histograms so that their horizontal scales line up

Question at position 9

9

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Question at position 9

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

Uniform

Bell shaped (unimodal and symmetric)

Skewed left

Skewed right

Multimodal

Clear my selection

Stimulus for questions at positions: 10, 11, 12

The following text applies to the questions at positions 10, 11, 12

Instructions

Locate the center of each histogram.

Height - Center of the Sampling Distribution

1. In cell E1, type "n"
2. In cell E2, type "4"
3. In cell E3, type "16"
4. In cell E4, type "64"
5. In cell F1, type "Average Estimate"
6. In cell F2, enter the formula =AVERAGE(A:A)
7. In cell F3, enter the formula =AVERAGE(B:B)
8. In cell F4, enter the formula =AVERAGE(C:C)

Question at position 10

10

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Question at position 10

What is the average estimate (in inches) based on samples of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

What is the average estimate (in inches) based on samples of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 11

11

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Question at position 11

What is the average estimate (in inches) based on samples of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

What is the average estimate (in inches) based on samples of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 12

12

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Question at position 12

What is the average estimate (in inches) based on samples of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

What is the average estimate (in inches) based on samples of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

Stimulus for questions at positions: 13, 14, 15

The following text applies to the questions at positions 13, 14, 15

Instructions

Estimate the standard error of each sampling distribution.

Height Standard Error

1. In cell G1, type "Standard Error" in bold
2. In cell G2, enter the formula =STDEV.S(A:A)
3. In cell G3, enter the formula =STDEV.S(B:B)
4. In cell G4, enter the formula =STDEV.S(C:C)

Question at position 13

13

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Question at position 13

How far off from the true mean height (in inches) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

How far off from the true mean height (in inches) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 14

14

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Question at position 14

How far off from the true mean height (in inches) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

How far off from the true mean height (in inches) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 15

15

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Question at position 15

How far off from the true average height (in inches) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

How far off from the true average height (in inches) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

Stimulus for question at position: 16

The following text applies to the questions at positions 16

Instructions

Generate 200 estimates for each sample size (n = 4, 16, and 64).

Weight Samples 4

1. Click the "Estimates of Mean Weight" sheet, highlight the cell range C2:E2, then fill down to the cell range C2:E201

Make a histogram for the estimates based on samples of size 4.

1. Click on cell C1, then press CTRL + SHIFT + DOWN to highlight the cell range C1:C201
2. Select Insert > Insert Statistics Chart > Histogram
3. Click on Chart Elements, then check "Axis Titles" and uncheck "Chart Title"
4. Label the horizontal axis "Estimate (n = 4)" and the vertical axis "Frequency"
5. Right-click on the horizontal axis, then select Format Axis...
6. Set the bin width to 10.0
7. Set the underflow bin to 115.0

Question at position 16

16

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Question at position 16

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

Uniform

Bell shaped (unimodal and symmetric)

Skewed left

Skewed right

Multimodal

Clear my selection

Stimulus for question at position: 17

The following text applies to the questions at positions 17

Instructions

Make a histogram for the estimates based on samples of size 16.

Weight Samples 16

1. Click on cell D1, then press CTRL + SHIFT + DOWN to highlight the cell range D1:D201
2. Select Insert > Insert Statistics Chart > Histogram
3. Click on Chart Elements, then check "Axis Titles" and uncheck "Chart Title"
4. Label the horizontal axis "Estimate (n = 16)" and the vertical axis "Frequency"
5. Right-click on the horizontal axis, then select Format Axis...
6. Set the bin width to 5.0
7. Set the underflow bin to 120.0

Question at position 17

17

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Question at position 17

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

Uniform

Bell shaped (unimodal and symmetric)

Skewed left

Skewed right

Multimodal

Clear my selection

Stimulus for question at position: 18

The following text applies to the questions at positions 18

Instructions

Make a histogram for the estimates based on samples of size 64.

Weight Samples 64

1. Click on cell E1, then press CTRL + SHIFT + DOWN to highlight the cell range E1:E201
2. Select Insert > Insert Statistics Chart > Histogram
3. Click on Chart Elements, then check "Axis Titles" and uncheck "Chart Title"
4. Label the horizontal axis "Estimate (n = 64)" and the vertical axis "Frequency"
5. Right-click on the horizontal axis, then select Format Axis...
6. Set the bin width to 5.0
7. Set the underflow bin to 125.0

Question at position 18

18

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Question at position 18

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

How would you describe the shape of the distribution?

Uniform

Bell shaped (unimodal and symmetric)

Skewed left

Skewed right

Multimodal

Clear my selection

Stimulus for questions at positions: 19, 20, 21

The following text applies to the questions at positions 19, 20, 21

Instructions

Locate the center of each histogram.

Weight - Center of the Sampling Distributions

1. In cell G1, type "n"
2. In cell G2, type "4"
3. In cell G3, type "16"
4. In cell G4, type "64"
5. In cell H1, type "Average Estimate"
6. In cell H2, enter the formula =AVERAGE(C:C)
7. In cell H3, enter the formula =AVERAGE(D:D)
8. In cell H4, enter the formula =AVERAGE(E:E)

Question at position 19

19

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Question at position 19

What is the average estimate (in pounds) based on samples of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

What is the average estimate (in pounds) based on samples of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 20

20

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Question at position 20

What is the average estimate (in pounds) based on samples of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

What is the average estimate (in pounds) based on samples of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 21

21

1 point

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Question at position 21

What is the average estimate (in pounds) based on samples of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

What is the average estimate (in pounds) based on samples of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

Stimulus for questions at positions: 22, 23, 24

The following text applies to the questions at positions 22, 23, 24

Instructions

How far off from the true mean weight will a typical estimate will be?

Weight Standard Error

Estimate the standard error of each sampling distribution.

1. In cell I1, type "Standard Error" in bold
2. In cell I2, enter the formula =STDEV.S(C:C)
3. In cell I3, enter the formula =STDEV.S(D:D)
4. In cell I4, enter the formula =STDEV.S(E:E)

Question at position 22

22

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Question at position 22

How far off from the true mean weight (in pounds) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

How far off from the true mean weight (in pounds) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 4? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 23

23

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Question at position 23

How far off from the true mean weight (in pounds) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

How far off from the true mean weight (in pounds) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 16? (Round to two decimal places.)

Question at position 24

24

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Question at position 24

How far off from the true average weight (in pounds) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

How far off from the true average weight (in pounds) is a typical estimate based on a sample of size 64? (Round to two decimal places.)

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