In this question you are to match market actors with how standards generally affect them.

Market actors:

Complementors

Consumers

Innovators

Incumbents

Standard options:

1. Tend to welcome standards, because standards typically expand the total size of the market.

2. Generally welcomes standards as they are spared having to pick a winner and face the risk of being stranded.

3. Generally welcomes standards as long as their products comply with the standard.

4. Can pose a great threat if standards fuel a positive feedback cycle and help launch a new technology.