In this task, you will work with the different concepts of statistics. You will have the opportunity to explain those basic concepts and describe the various types of tests.

Solve the exercises below according to the instructions provided for each one.

Part I

Statistics is said to be a science that is applied in many areas such as social sciences, medicine, accounting, economics, finance, marketing, and information systems, among others. Explain and present an example of how statistics are used in the area of economics. You can use the Virtual Library databases to obtain information on this subject.

Part II - Population

We define population as the complete set of all individuals, things or events that we want to investigate with respect to a particular situation. We define the sample as a subset of the population. Based on the concepts of population and sample; and from what is studied in the first module, it establishes a population and a sample that is related to the topic of COVID-19. Below is an example related to NUC students so that you are clear about what you are going to do in this exercise.

Example:

Population: all NUC students from the Bayamn Campus

Sample: NUC students from the Bayamn Campus of the Criminal Justice Program

Part III- Types of variables

Identify in each case if it is a qualitative, continuous quantitative or discrete quantitative variable.

a) height of the students of the first grade of the Marist College

b) number of students at the UPR, Mayagez Campus

c) eye color of the Miss Universe candidates

d) weight of babies born at the Auxilio Mutuo Hospital

e) number of cars in Garage Isla Verde

f) brand of detergent your grandmother used

Part IV- Scale of measurement

Determines which of the four levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio) is used in each situation.

a) The U.S. News & World Report regularly provides its ranking of universities in the United States, and in a recent year the rankings for Princeton, Harvard, and Yale were 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

b) For the past elections, El Nuevo Da conducted a survey in which voters were asked to identify the political party they voted for.

c) In a study of service times at a fast-food restaurant, a researcher records time intervals that begin when customers place their order and end when they receive it.

d) A baseball manager in the United States records the years in which a National League team wins the World Series of baseball.

e) A doctor records the number of months that have elapsed since the last medical consultation of a diabetic person.

Part V- Types of sampling

Determine an advantage and a disadvantage of cluster sampling. You can use the databases of the Virtual Library to obtain information on this subject. (4 points)

Part VI-Types of Sampling (Definitions from Anderson et al. 2019)

In each of the following exercises, identify the type of sampling to which the premise refers: random, systematic, convenience, stratified or cluster:

a) The elements of the population are first divided into groups, so that each element belongs to one, and only one, stratum.

b) Ideally, each cluster is a small-scale representation of the entire population.

c) Items are included without a previously specified or known probability that they will be included in the sample.