In Triumph of the City, Glaeser offers a number of ideas about slums in developing countries and ways to improve them. Which statement best reflects his views? A. Slum growth has been uncontrolled, and more efforts should be made to improve livelihoods in rural areas, so that rural to urban migration slows down. B. Slums should be eradicated because they are persistent poverty traps with terrible neighborhood effects. C. Slums should not disappear, because they are only temporary phenomena that give residents access to jobs and help them escape poverty. D. None of the above.

Which facts presented by Marx, Stoker, and Suri (2013) best characterize slums as reflecting spatial poverty traps?

A. Many slum dwellers live in extremely crowded conditions, and overcrowding leads to worse public health outcomes.

B. Slum dwellers have poor access to public goods like clean water and solid waste disposal infrastructure, and this increases the spread of disease.

C. In many countries, slums have been growing for decades, and millions find themselves trapped in slums for generations.

D. All of the above.

Eviction threats from the government or developers represent an example of expropriation risk. Which of the following statements about home investment and expropriation risk conform to theories discussed in class?

A. Land titling programs should improve tenure security and increase expropriation risk.

B. Land titling programs should improve tenure security and reduce expropriation risk.

C. Greater expropriation risk will increase incentives for making home improvements.

D. Greater expropriation risk will reduce incentives for making home improvements.

E. (A) and (C)

F. (B) and (D)

G. None of the above.

Please give explanation