In Week 4, in lieu of discussion questions, we are conducting a Model United Nations Security Council exercise. Role assignments for this week are as follows:

Please answer in the point of view from BRAVO:

Delegation of Country BRAVO to the UN Security Council

Day of Revenge Use of Force Security Council Exercise

DAY OF REVENGE (DOR) is a highly organized but transnational organization-a non-state actor. DOR represents claims of ethnic and social rights and champions an historical grievance against several states in the region, and especially ALPHA and BRAVO. The group has a militant wing, which is an effective asymmetric insurgent armed forces and a civil and social wing, which provides numerous services (e.g. medical, education, sanitation) to local populations. The militant wing of DOR has been designated as a terrorist group by some countries, although many others regard it as a helpful presence in areas of limited government functionality. The military wing operates from bases inside country ALPHA and seeks to overthrow the government of neighboring, smaller, and weaker country BRAVO with an aim of creating conditions for a new government favorable to the DOR political and ethnic agenda to take power.

Since the summer of 2007 DOR began committing deadly terrorist attacks inside BRAVO. DOR, which controls some territory inside ALPHA and has a political wing that includes 3 members in ALPHA's coalition government, appears to be gaining political strength inside ALPHA and intelligence indicates that popular support for DOR is on the rise in certain areas of ALPHA, BRAVO, and DELTA. Indeed, Country DELTA has provided DOR personnel safe haven and members of its parliament have expressed support for DOR's ultimate cause.

The armed forces (police and military) of ALPHA have tried to reign in the increasing terrorist activities of DOR. ALPHA's government has come under increasing pressure from BRAVO and other nations to take action necessary to halt the attacks occurring inside BRAVO and attributed to DOR. But according to intelligence reports, the political situation in Country ALPHA is fragile, and one possible reason that the armed forces of ALPHA are ineffective is that they fear an all-out attempt to suppress the group might escalate into a full-scale civil war. Members of a regional ethnic minority with a strong presence in Country ALPHA (as well as BRAVO) support DOR.

One month ago DOR militants began firing rockets into BRAVO. After weeks of intensive rocket fire, which resulted in multiple civilian deaths within BRAVO, DOR claimed responsibility for a suicide car bomb attack against Country BRAVO's Foreign Ministry Office and its National Stock Exchange, both of which are located in BRAVO's capital. Both buildings were destroyed and hundreds of civilians were killed. In the immediate aftermath of the attack, members of DOR (who had previously infiltrated BRAVO) seized 10 BRAVO military members and 20 civilian nationals, including one senior diplomat and the President of the Stock Exchange. During this armed seizure, DOR terrorists killed several BRAVO military members and civilians. DOR released a video via the Internet stating that they were holding the BRAVO prisoners in an undisclosed location inside ALPHA and would not release them until its political goals are met.

The day after its 30 citizens were captured, the government of Country BRAVO publicly requested that the government of Country ALPHA take all necessary measures to secure the immediate release of its citizens from the DOR and to bring the perpetrators of these "acts of aggression" to justice. DOR released another video, which stated that the seized individuals would not be returned and that DOR attacks on Country BRAVO would continue.

Country BRAVO thereafter formally requests that the United Nations Security Council take the following actions: (a) condemns the acts of international terrorism inflicted on BRAVO; (b) demands the leaders of DOR release the seized BRAVO individuals immediately; (c) cease all attacks against BRAVO by the armed forces of DOR; (d) demands Country ALPHA publicly repudiate DOR's aggression; and (e) use "all means necessary" to secure the release and safe return of the seized individuals from BRAVO, including forceful entry into ALPHA. The UN Security Council is meeting in an emergency session to consider the requests.

The UNSC is considering the request. Meanwhile Country ALPHA has failed to secure the release of the seized citizens. DOR continues to launch rockets into Country BRAVO from multiple locations within Country ALPHA, which BRAVO claims has resulted in the deaths of civilians in several small border towns. Last week, Country BRAVO announced that the Security Council was taking too much time debating the issues. BRAVO argues that given ALPHA's failure to prevent the rocket attacks and ensure the return of its citizens, it reserves the right to enter the territory of Country ALPHA pursuant to Article 51 of the UN Charter in order to secure the hostages by force of arms if necessary and put an end to DOR's use of ALPHA as a base of operations.

BRAVO has conducted a shuttle diplomacy to enlist support from nations to assist BRAVO to form a Multinational Force to conduct a military campaign against DOR forces inside ALPHA as an exercise of "collective self-defense." Fear of impending war is causing large numbers of ALPHA civilians and non-nationals to flee ALPHA by land, sea, and air.

Public panic is increasing and other nations are seeking to evacuate their citizens in Country ALPHA prior to an anticipated use of armed force by BRAVO and coalition forces. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are seeking to assist with the evacuation of Country ALPHA's civilian population before anticipated military operations commence. Country ALPHA has one major port-"Port Harbor" and one major international airport-"Dual Use Airport."

Countries BRAVO, CHARLIE, DELTA, and ECHO have ordered non-combatant evacuation operations (NEOs) of their citizens from ALPHA. Civilians from the following countries are looking to be evacuated from Port Harbor or Dual Use Airport: BRAVO (5000 persons); CHARLIE (1000 persons), DELTA (1000 persons) and Country ECHO (500 persons).

Country BRAVO's Intelligence Agency reports indicate that 5 of the top DOR leaders are living in an underground bunker in a small village near DOR Site 1 (see graphic above). This bunker is within 1000 meters of a school, a mosque, and a hospital. DOR gunmen have forced local civilians to collect in a market located above the underground bunker to act as "human shields" in an effort to deter attack.

Intelligence also indicates that other key members of DOR leadership are fleeing Country ALPHA by sea, land, and air in advance of the suspected attack. Country DELTA is covertly assisting DOR by offering its leaders refuge, and its military has been supplying the DOR terrorists remaining in Country ALPHA with armaments and funds to repel any military action by Country BRAVO. The arms are being shuttled from DELTA to DOR Site 2, via sea by small boats landing on ALPHA's northeast coast, and via civilian marked light aircraft landing at Dual Use Airfield.

Country BRAVO's intelligence reports also indicate that its seized citizens are being held in two DOR sites located in densely populated areas within Country ALPHA at DOR Site 1 and DOR Site 2. According to intelligence reports the hostages are being held beneath a hospital at DOR site 1 and inside a school at DOR site 2. A DOR spokesperson said the group would start executing the hostages one-by-one if Country BRAVO attacks the DOR forces in Country ALPHA.