In which of the following circumstances will the demand curve for coal in South Africashift to the left?

i) The installation of solar panels increases drastically.

ii) The Covid-induced lock down remains in place.

iii) The country goes into a recession.

iv) Eskom must do maintenance on their power stations.

v) Great quantities of crude oil (a substitute) is discovered in the Karoo.

A. ii, iv & v

B i & iii

C i, iii & v

D ii, iii & iv

E i, ii, iii & v