Incidence and prevalence data have different applications in public health.Below is a list of uses for data. Indicate by choosing the appropriate option whether the use is for incidence (I) or prevalence (P) data.

a._____A study of more than 135,000 people at risk for a heart attack or stroke found that those who took statins hada 25% lower risk of havinga heart attack or stroke compared to those who did not take statins.The medical director of a health insurance plan asks: How many of our enrollees with cardiovascular risk factors are currently taking statins?

b._____Suppose that a health insurance plan has decided to cover the cost of a self-care program, which is designed to teach people with newly diagnosed diabetes how to cook whole food plant based meals. The plan's medical director asks: How many new cases of diabetes should be expected over the next year?

c._____ A vaccine booster for Covid-19 may be introduced to previously vaccinated individuals. The health department wants to monitor an appropriate measure to determine whether the vaccine is working.

d._____ A epidemiologist wants to determine if there is an association between time spent playing video games and obesity among teens. Using a one-time survey, she collected data on hours per week playing video games, height, and weight.

e._____Suppose that an international NGO mounted a cholera treatment-and-prevention program in certain villages. The organization wants to evaluate the success of its program. They ask: What proportion of people in these villages has cholera now, two years after the program was implemented?

f._____The health department is concerned about Covid-19 vaccine uptake in certain areas of the city. The community health education team asks: What proportion of people in each census tract is vaccinated? In which areas is the proportion especially low?

g._____Concern about possible side effects of silicone breast implants has raised the question: Is rheumatoid arthritis any more likely to develop over time among women with such implants than among women without them?

h._____A company is considering a new worksite smoking cessation program. A questionnaire is distributed among employees to determine how many people would be interested in taking part in such a program.

i._____ A nurse-midwife decides to examine the relationship between home deliveries and maternal infection after birth. She is able to follow a group of women through the pregnancy and the first two weeks after the birth of their children.

j._____ Quaker Oats has an ad campaign claiming that a diet high in grains helps prevent colon cancer. An epidemiologist wants to evaluate the validity of this claim.