Indiana Healthcare Reform: As policy proposals come forth on healthcare specifically for Indiana, the main focus is on costs (Downward, 2023). The primary concern with costs, as stated by policymakers is that int he United States, we have less medical visits total compared to other countries, but our costs are much higher in comparison when we do receive medical care (Downward, 2023). Horizontal and vertical mergers creates a space for less competition in the healthcare market, so costs do not necessarily make sense as to why they must be so high in comparison, as well as perhaps develop a merger authority and review the impact of price setting (Downward, 2023). The specific article by Downward (2023) not only identifies costs as a primary focus, but also highlights the lack of transparency in the overall healthcare system. Cost and transparency go hand-in-hand, especially in terms of price setting and ensuring payments are adjusted in accordance with changes in programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. Trends: Costs and Transparency: Healthcare reform is widespread throughout our country at both state and federal levels, with the aim being to reduce overall expenditures and costs. With fluctuation in economy, however, it doesn't necessarily address overall