Indicate whether each statement below is describing a mediation hypothesis, a third-variable argument, or a moderator result. First, identify the key bivariate relationship. Then, decide whether the extra variable comes between the two key variables or is causing the two key variables to simultaneously.

a. Viewing violent television is associated with aggressive behavior because children model what they see on TV.

b. Viewing violent television is associated with aggressive behavior because people who watch more violent TV have more lenient parents, and these lenient parents also do not care if their children are violent.

c.?Viewing violent television is associated with aggressive behavior very strongly among teenagers, but less strongly among young adults.

d. Children with unusual names are more likely to have delinquency records as adolescents, but the link is especially strong in the United States; the link is weaker in Canada.

e.?Children with unusual names are more likely to have delinquency records as adolescents because they get teased more, and the teasing makes them act out.

f.?Children with unusual names are more likely to have delinquency records as adolescents because middle-class children have more typical names than children in other socioeconomic groups, and middle-class children are less likely to be identified as delinquent than children in other socioeconomic groups.