Information regarding current operations of the Farrell Corporation is given below:

A proposed addition to Farrells factory is estimated by the sales manager to increase sales by a maximum of $750,000. The companys accountants have determined that the proposed addition will add $320,000 to fixed costs each year. Variable costs are expected to be at the same percentage as they currently are before the proposed addition.

(a) Explain why the existing $310,000 of fixed costs is a sunk cost while the $320,000 of fixed costs associated with the proposed addition is an out-of-pocket cost.

(b) Calculate by how much the proposed addition will either increase or reduce operating income. Show all work.