Instructions: After carefully reading the following information, identify which theory (s) can help explain the phenomenon presented in each of the cases. Explain in detail and justify your arguments with references.

List of Theories (you must analyze which ones apply to the cases given):

1. Agency Theory

2. Resource Dependence Theory (Pfeffer and Salancik, 1978; Pfeffer, 1992)

3. Transaction Theory (Transaction Costs Economics)

4. Theory of Population Ecology or Theory of the population Ecological organizations (Population Ecology Theory Organizations) of Hannan and Freeman (1977 and 1984)

5. Contingency Theory Fred Fiedler (1964).

6. Institutional Theory

7. Theory of employment characteristics (Job Characteristics Theory, JCT), by Greg R. Oldham and J. Richard Hackman (1975).

8. Vroom's Expectancy Theory

9. Adams' Equity Theory (1963, 1965)

10 Goal Setting Theory by Locke (1968).

11. Social Capital Theory

12. Theory of Social Identity

13. Theory of Planned Behavior

14. Self determination Theory

15. House's Path Goal Theory path-goal theory (1971)

16. Transformational and Transactional Leadership

17.Situational Leadership

18 Organizational Behavior theory of March and Simons

19. Upper Echelons Theory of Hambrick and Mason (1984)

20. Dynamics Capabilities

21. Penrose's Resource Based View (RBV) (1959)

22. Knowledge Based Theory of the Firm

23. Absorption Capacity

24. System theory

25. Theory of human relations

26. Chaos Theory

Information:

Research: Networking as an Engine of Innovation Networking with customers for the development of innovation The in-depth interview revealed the importance of networking processes in establishing a business relationship with a prospect and current clients. In addition, he stressed the importance for Expressway to work on building relationships with its customers based on trust, loyalty and loyalty between both parties. "Gaining the customer's trust is not an easy task, because you have to show them that the sensitive information they shared with you at some point, you will protect them with your life and translate it into solutions to solve their problems" (Francine Aroche, 2017) Expressway You earn the trust of your clients by demonstrating that you care for interests and priorities with the same sense of urgency, transparency and importance that your client has. This vote of confidence allows you to have first-hand access to specific, complete and genuine information. Representing an opportunity when attacking the problem, since it is possible to identify exactly what the situation is, allowing you to work on solutions and make strategic plans with a greater probability of success. Expressway brings about change and creates business opportunities simply by listening to customer needs.

Getting to that point in the relationship is not an easy journey. As in any relationship, you must work day by day, moment by moment. It takes a lot of time, dedication and research to be able to show the client a genuine interest in being part of their team. In addition, it is important to guarantee the client that you want to establish a long-term strategic alliance, that this relationship will redound to benefits for both parties. It is at this point where networking becomes relevant in the process since an effective communication channel and a safe space are needed to build that relationship between company and client.

You have to spend enough time with your client to get to know them in depth, to the point of deciphering their DNA as a company. This way you will have the security of offering your client the best of the best, meeting their needs and always taking care of their budget. Thus we achieve the construction of our loyalty with each of our clients - Francine Aroche.

Networking with suppliers for the development of innovation

Expressway clarified that they have two types of suppliers. Technology suppliers (equipment, machinery, programs, applications) and raw material suppliers. Our suppliers are an artery in our business. Hence comes a great competitive advantage. From the relationship that we have been able to work with. " (Francine Aroche, 2017).

Expressway took approximately three and a half years to study and find the technology and machinery they wanted to purchase to build their business platform. They selected the best equipment to develop their plant and did not enter into exclusive agreements with any supplier or brand existing in the market. They managed the selection of their equipment in accordance with the research they carried out and ensuring that their selection will always comply with two primary principles: the equipment is the best in its category and the model is the most modern available on the market. Aroche expressed: We created our platform with equipment that was not necessarily created for what we wanted to do. We limit ourselves to buying the best of each category that we need and we set up our own business platform .

When Expressway completed the selection and assembly of the selected equipment and technology platform, suppliers worldwide understood what the company wanted to do with those equipment (demonstrating its success in less than a year of operations) and decided to convert it into a beta center with the agreement and commitment of both parties. Where Expressway was committed to developing technology, new products and guaranteeing the operation of the platform, while the suppliers were committed to offering the first of their obtaining their equipment, applications and most modern technology. With this agreement, they get both companies to manage a continuous and constant innovation process that would benefit both parties, but these processes were not limited, today Expressway is a key piece in the innovation processes of its suppliers, since with its help and technical experience have the power to indicate to their suppliers how they should adapt in the market and what strategies they should implement to continue managing their business models. According to Aroche, his company forces all its suppliers to innovate with them since, if the company moves to a new and modern technology and its suppliers do not move together with them, the suppliers will be left behind and lose the opportunity to do business. with Expressway, removing them from the business ecosystem due to obsolescence. This positions Expressway as the innovation engine that impacts each of the elements in the supply chain.

Development of innovation for the competitiveness of the company

Aroche reaffirms that if he had to define his company in a single word he would choose the word innovation, since it is a cycle that never stops. Within your business plan and organizational values being a visionary is a key piece in a puzzle. Expressway is very clear that being able to adopt innovation processes has allowed it a competitive advantage as a business and has allowed it to achieve leadership within the sector it develops. I innovate in three ways: the first with my business plan, this includes innovation in technology (suppliers). The second in the human resource that we develop internally and the third with the information that I can acquire through my clients, this process is repeated and repeated (Aroche 2017).

Expressway is clear that the world is working differently, companies (customers) work differently and companies have to work differently. Therefore, to respond to these changes, they recognize that their responsibility is to keep constantly researching and learning about what is new in the market in order to find their business opportunities. This forces them to change their equipment platform annually and constantly update their applications to stay ahead of the curve and with the best technology on the market. This, together with the selection of suppliers that not only provide equipment and technology, but also have the ability to listen, learn, and experiment to achieve the innovation that Expressway needs.

Additionally, they give significant weight to internal resources, understood as their human resources. Therefore, it motivates them to offer the necessary tools to their employees to train and always keep up-to-date on new industry trends. This is tied to their evaluation and compensation processes, focused on fostering investment and creativity in the tasks that each employee performs. Expressway you have to move different every day. Leave that flame burning and that all the personnel in the organization understand and work on it. At the moment when I am not innovating weekly or I am not producing a new project for a client, I lost my gasoline and my reason for being . - Francine Aroche.

Finally, the importance of being able to have that connection with the client, which is the center and the reason for the entire scaffolding as a company. Being able to decipher the DNA of each of your clients is not an easy, fast, and much less static process. Constant communication through networking allows for a more effective proximity and obtaining effective information on problems. By achieving this, work processes are facilitated and you can proactively present value proposals, strategic alliances or innovative and creative strategic plans that allow you to meet your needs. Getting the client to position themselves in a competitive setting in the industry that it operates and fostering loyalty ties between both companies. As clients see that they are obtaining results, obtaining competitive advantages, they will stay with the company, this allows Expressway to achieve competitive advantage.