IoT in dairy farming. In this question, you will explore the role of smart devices, and in Question 6 you will explore the use of location-based services in this same context.

You will use the same article as for Question 1, "Meet the Connected Cow", which can be found as a pdf file on theAssessment page.

If necessary, you should now re-read this article paying particular attention to the "The Connected Cow" diagram, before answering the question.

• a.The movement of a cow's tail is an indicator that she is about to calve. A cow jerks her tail back and forth to ward off flies, whereas when she is having pre-birth contractions the tail tends to move up and down rhythmically, with the same frequency as the contractions. Write down the names of two sensors from the list in Table 3.1 in the Discussion ofActivity 3.4that might be used to detect such tail movements and give a brief explanation of how they might work individually and together to identify a cow that is about to calve (rather than one warding off flies, for example).
• (7 marks)
• b.The article mentions several other sensors that can be used to improve the efficiency of dairy farming. Pick three of these and say what each of the monitors.

The connected cow Necklace Add miter Connecterra, a Dutch company, makes Fitbit-style necklaces that Well Cow. a British company, has monitor a cow's movement and feeding habits. The sensor can be developed a bolus that is inserted used to detect health problems and to tell when the cow is in heat. so into the cow's rumen to monitor that insemination can happen at an optimum time. acidity levels. This helps detect digestive problems. Tail movements Moocall, an Irish company, makes a birthing sensor that attaches to the tail. It measures tail movements triggered by labour contractims. and sends a farmer an SMS alert approximate- ly one hour before a cow is due to calve. Pedometer Amilk. based In Israel, makes a pedometer for cows. Cows typically increase their walking as they come into oestrus. so the pedometer alerts farmers to the best time for insemination. Automatic milking systems' such as US-based Lelfs 'One of the most important Astronaut, can be equipped issues is to control and W"\".'\"'" * WWW\" quain ofthe milk and through IoT' of mastitis. Picture: iStock