Ixi'FE/'E'al' P.191:)D\\l>'v?0.%m . C) 2 'V assignment2.pdf Q Q [T] Q V 'W Q EEE 1/2 Part A: The Cost of Living , ' ' " For this part7 use the le WageXYZ.csv, Where XYZ is the number that is assigned to you by the Quiz on Learn. The le contains annual series of average nominal hourly wages for males and females in a particular province and industry expressed in dollars per hour. The specic province and industry for your dataset is described in the WageDescriptions.csv le. Look for the row associated by your - assigned number. The le also contains the annual series of the consumer price index base 100 : 2002 g in that province (Statistics Canada, 2020). 1 ' f " .. u 1. Plot the evolution of the hourly nominal wage for males and females on the same chart. Interpret what you see: what kind of trending behaviour, is there a difference between males and females in terms of trends or uctuations, etc. 2. Plot the evolution of hourly real wage in dollars of 2002 for males and females on the same - chart. Interpret what you see and compare this chart with the one you obtained in the previous question. Which chart between this one and the one produced in the previous question provides '5 ' a better picture of the evolution of the standard of living of individuals working in that industry? Explain. dat12.csv 3. Fit a linear trend to both real wage series and plot the two trends on the same graph. Interpret what you see: is the wage gap changing on average? What is the annual change on average over , that period for males and females? Discuss (Hint: To answer the question7 you can look at the ,. u coeicient of time of the trend equations). I 4. Detrend the real wage series using the linear trends computed in the previous question. Since the series are annual, the detrended series are the cyclical components. Using a scatter plot, analyze the comovement between the two cyclical components. Try to explain your results: e.g. why there is a positive, negative or no comovement between the two variables? Part B: Business Cycle, Growth and Inequality For this part, use the le RealGDP.csv. The le contains annual series of real per capita GDP for 152 countries from 1970 to 2017 expressed in international dollars of 2011 (Feenstra et al., 2015). Each student has to analyze four dierent countries. Your four countries are the ones on the row of the le assignedCountries.csv where the value in the assigned number column is equal to XYZ, where XYZ is the same number used in Part A. On the same row7 you will also nd the assigned years for questions 5 and 6. nr 'Aswrm *7 I EH Kilt nr $3 37} EUR IE ED #153 assignment2.pdf $69 2/2 $191)) a \\I? QQrTiv\"Q . What are the complete names of the four countries that are represented by the threeletter codes? In the following questions, refer to the countries by their full names, not by their codes. . Plot the evolution of the real per capita GDP of the four countries on the same chart using the log-scale. Describe the differences and similarities that you observe. . Compute the cyclical component of each series expressed in logs using a quadratic trend, and plot them on either 4 different line charts or on the same one. The choice is yours and it depends on which option provides a clearer approach to compare the cycles. Discuss what you see by answering the following questions: 0 Do you observe a positive, negative or no comovement between the different business cycles? 0 If you observe no comovement between two business cycles, can it be explained by the two countries being poor trading partners? You may have to search the internet to answer that question. 0 If you observe a strong positive comovement between two business cycles, can it be explained by the two countries being strong trading partners? You may also have to search the internet to answer that question. 0 Do you observe common periods of recession? Are they world wide recessions? You may also have to search the internet to answer that question. Hint: Cyclical components of annual time series are simply the detrended series. . Compute the average annual growth rate between 1970 and 2017 for all four countries. Then, produce a scatter plot with the 1970 real per capita GDP's expressed in logs on the x-axis and the average growth rates on the yaxis (you should have four points). Discuss the results by answering the following questions: a Are the four countries converging to each other? 0 Using countries' characteristics such as the level of education, life expectancy, economic freedom, etc., try to justify why some are converging and why some are not. You can use that data les from the module on Growth and Development or get the information om a reliable internet source (like the World Bank). . For this question, you have to compare the distribution of real per capita GDP across all 152 countries in the two assigned years expressed in thousands of international dollars of 2011 (the choice of units is to make the Xaxis labels more readable). Create two histograms (with the option breaks=25), one for each year and interpret what you see. Do you see a difference in terms of inequality? Do you see a change in the proportion of poor countries? 'A Harm dat12.csv Ixf'FE/'E'al' P.191:)D\\l>'v?0.%m . if) 2 'V assignment2.pdf Q Q [T] Q V a Q EEE 2/2 .1\" VVVVVVVV o If you observe a strong positive comovement between two business cycles, can it be explained by the two countries being strong trading partners? You may also have to search the internet to answer that question. a Do you observe common periods of recession? Are they world wide recessions? You may also have to search the internet to answer that question. Hint: Cyclical components of annual time series are simply the detrended series. 5 V 4. Compute the average annual growth rate between 1970 and 2017 for all four countries. Then, ' ' ' produce a scatter plot with the 1970 real per capita GDP's expressed in logs on the xaxis and 1 . h.-. . n the average growth rates on the yaxis (you should have four points). Discuss the results by answering the following questions: I Are the four countries converging to each other? 0 Using countries' characteristics such as the level of education, life expectancy, economic freedom, etc., try to justify why some are converging and why some are not. You can use . - - that data les from the module on Growth and Development or get the information from a ' f :7 ' reliable internet source (like the World Bank). dat12.csv 5. For this question, you have to compare the distribution of real per capita GDP across all 152 countries in the two assigned years expressed in thousands of international dollars of 2011 (the choice of units is to make the xaxis labels more readable). Create two histograms (with ' , the option breaks=25), one for each year and interpret what you see. Do you see a difference in ""' ' \" terms of inequality? Do you see a change in the proportion of poor countries? I 6. For this question, you have to compare the distribution of real per capita GDP across all 152 J countries in the two assigned years expressed logs. Create two histograms (with the option breaks:25), one for each year and interpret what you see. Do you see a difference in terms of inequality? Do you see a change in the proportion of poor countries? Also, explain why the histograms are different when the real per capita GDP's are expressed in logs. References nr R. C. Feenstra, R. Inklaar, and M. P. Timmer. The next generation of the penn world table. American Economic Review, 105(10):315073182, 2015. Available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt. 4 Statistics Canada. Table 1810000501, Consumer Price Index, annual average, not seasonally ad- justed. 2020. doi: 10.25318/1810000501-eng. 'Aswrm *7 BJ (7 0 * n AF7. C ... IF4 5 EX AP - O. $4 (EX) v 12 AA 27 V ESE 00 #It DV BIUVV v Av abAv J26 fx P Q R S T U V W E F G H I J K L M N O A B C D PartB DOM part A TGO USA LCA Year Males Females CPI 1689.56 23473.16 2950.62 2979.29 1997 9.05 9.37 90.5 1726.65 24047.36 3082.66 3166.95 OUT AWN 1998 10.52 9.28 90.1 1706.59 25132.89 3092.64 3401.92 1999 9.11 9.82 91.2 Average nominal hourly wages for males 1644.26 26366.1 3160.41 3674.61 2000 948 94 9 and females 's employees in Prince 2093.05 25638.65 3349.66 3951.81 2001 10.85 97.4 1716.88 25251.01 3227.27 4252.38 8 2002 9.81 10.47 100 Edward Island 's business, building and 1650.45 26513.8 4176.78 4057.59 2003 10.85 10.57 103.5 other support services between 1997 and 953.23 27473.65 4566.28 4154.44 10 2004 10.84 11.58 105.8 2087.49 28785.75 5106.22 4004.78 2019 11 2005 12.1 109.1 20 2077.18 29319.12 5246.06 4091.07 12 11.59 11.92 111.6 1967.63 28511 5101.74 1518.17 2006 15 13 2007 11.39 113.6 673.97 29045.85 4853.6 4704.8 14 2008 13.37 11.9 117.5 dollars per hou 2 10 1628.82 28218.21 4990.76 4620.28 15 2009 13 13.13 117.3 5 1484.55 29397.84 5207.15 4762.7 16 2010 13.74 12.61 119.5 457.43 31519.54 6509.21 4550.17 17 15.51 13.83 123 2013 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2011 5917.65 1459.84 2014 2012 2010 2006 2004 2009 32548.87 2002 2003 2005 438.07 2001 2008 1999 2000 2007 1998 1997 18 2012 15.42 13.29 125.5 6500.8 4613.91 yea 444.36 33284.58 19 2013 17.16 128 1374.39 34007.19 6672.08 752.16 20 2014 15.41 17.14 130. Males *Females - Males --Females 1518.14 35070.26 7086.86 5025.78 21 2015 14.99 129.3 1497.25 35993.34 7047.94 4926.85 22 2016 15.66 15.26 130.8 1632.67 36169.02 7284.85 4493.43 23 2017 14.28 133.2 1500.65 35751.57 7114.38 4511.59 24 2018 15.76 16.03 136.3 1444.22 36700.57 7523.33 4942.88 15.95 15.94 137.9 1175.83 37473 7581.19 5316.49 25 26 301.51 38727.39 7268.78 5509.98 27 278.97 39360.64 7699.57 5675.64 28 452.47 40504.65 8183.4 5970.87 29 1525.59 41994.3 8105.87 6512.02 30 314.55 43624.75 8640.13 7171.99 1387.03 45179.55 8729.06 7454.46 289.57 46461.14 8229.38 7686.41 260.38 46469.59 7462.92 7873.87 1281.85 46827.62 7903.98 175.69 321.03 47712.27 9172.72 7666.42 1249.42 19138.48 9774.89 7836.55 1150 50303.86 9899.42 8397.39 1143.92 51271.01 9498.88 9277.91 115.87 51720.58 9941.73 10017.12 1138.98 50549.51 10569.44 10039.05 Sheet + + 100%