Jack was approached by a friend who planned to start a new company. He told Jack that if Jack invested his money in the company he would become rich in a short time because the company would most probably be a great success. Jack, in fact, invested his lifes savings in the company.

Two months later Jack heard that the company had failed and his friend had fled to Argentina taking all of Jacks money. Jack, therefore decided to commit suicide and drank a substantial amount of poison which certainly was sufficient to kill him. About one hour after Jack took the poison, by coincidence, his brother Peter stopped by the apartment. Peter is a medical doctor and he immediately performed first-aid on Jack and brought him to the hospital. Jacks life was saved by Peters actions but when Peter sent Jack a bill for US-$ 1,000.-- for medical services performed, Jack refused to pay.