Jake is an accountant who migrated to Australia three years ago. As part of establishing himself in Australia, he intends to invest in the property market. As Jake is not familiar with the Australian property market, he engaged the assistance of a property broker to assist with finding a suitable investment property. The broker charged an upfront fee of $5,000. Six months later, the broker located a vacant block of land and suggested that Jake develop three townhouses on it. The cost of the land ($1 million) and estimated development costs ($900,000) exceeded Jake's budget and he decided to undertake the venture with a business partner. The agreement with the business partner was that Jake would purchase the land and the partner would incur all development costs. The profits from the eventual sale of the townhouses, expected to be in 18 months, would be split equally between Jake and the partner. Jake established a $1 million line of credit facility with his bank which would enable him to access the required funds as necessary. The interest rate on the facility was 18.5% per annum and Jake provided the title to the land as security for the funds.

Explain whether the general deductions nexus under s 8-1 has been satisfied in relation to the brokers fees and bank interest charges. Use case law to support your analysis (hint: consider concepts in relation to 'commitment' and objective vs subjective approach to interpreting the deductions nexus). b) Following from (a), shortly after the land was purchased, Jake's business partner declared bankruptcy. Jake was unable to find another suitable business partner and subsequently sold the land at auction at a loss of $900,000. With sale proceeds being insufficient to discharge his borrowings, Jake continues to pay interest charges on the remaining $100,000 owed to the bank. Advise Jake as to the deductibility of the interest charges incurred after the land was sold? c) Following on from (a), would your response to the deductibility of the bank interest charges change if, instead of buying the block of land himself, Jake on-lent the funds to his sister at an interest rate of 3% and Jake's sister purchased the block of land in her name? d) Following on from (a), would your response to the deductibility of the bank interest charges change if Jake borrowed the money from the bank and provided the title to his residential home as security for the line of credit facility? Assume that the value of Jake's residential home exceeds $1 million.