James is an engineer working for the company AERO that produces aero-engines. The company is developing a new type of aero-engine called the FANX. James is responsible for the testing of the FANX. He is in the middle of conducting a range of crucial tests for the reliability of the new aero-engine. Yesterday, Bill - who is James' boss - has asked James to finish his test reports within a week because an important potential customer will visit AERO next week and wants to have a look at the first test reports. James first reaction is to refuse Bill's request: he is not able to finish the test report within a week; he first needs to do more tests. James considers these additional tests crucial for gaining good insight in the reliability of the FANX. Bill tells James to abandon the planned other tests and to start writing his report immediately. Later, there will be more time to do the other tests. Bill also tells James that if James refuses he will ask Eric to write the report. James says that he really needs more time. Moreover, he objects, Eric is not knowledgeable of the tests and will not be able to write sound report. After the meeting, James contacts Eric who says that he agrees with Bill and that he will write the report if Bill asks him to do so.

[1] Suppose that James the next day decides to follow Bill's order and to finish the report immediately abandoning the other tests. Can this choice of James be justified in

utilitarian terms? Explain why or why not

[2] What should James do if he would try to apply Kant's categorical imperative to this situation? Underline three keywords

[3] What virtues are relevant for an engineer doing test (like James)? (Mention four virtues)

[4] What action is supported by these virtues

[5] Which moral framework (theory) is in your mind best able to deal with this moral problem. Argue why?

[6] Explain the difference between moral and legal responsibility (mention two points of difference). Illustrate your explanation of a example where the two differ. Underline the two points of difference

[7] Mention two of these strategies and choose example from aerospace engineering (or engineering in general) to explain how they work. Underline the two strategies

[8] Discuss two limitations of or objections against the use of codes and use one of the ethical theories either to support or to refute these objections. Underline two keywords per argument

2.Emily owns 100% of ABC Inc. ABC Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in 1985 and has its principal place of business in Tampa, Florida. ABC Inc. was originally operated as a C corporation, subject to the Florida corporate income tax, and made an election in 2014 to be taxed as an S corporation. ABC Inc. has retained earnings of $1,000,000 as of December 31, 2013. ABC Inc. is registered with the Florida Department of Revenue (Department) as a dealer and remits sales tax to the Department on a monthly basis. ABC Inc. is currently being audited by the Department for Sales Tax relating to a 36- month period beginning January 2011 through December 2013. ABC Inc. and the Department entered into an agreement to extend the statute of limitations through June 30, 2016. The Department issued a Notice of Intent to Make Audit Changes (NOI) that indicates that additional Sales Tax of $150,000 plus interest and penalty will be assessed. The Department has 70 days remaining on the statute of limitations as of today and is asking for an additional extension of the statute of limitations. Emily agrees with the points addressed in the Department's NOI.

1. As Emily's tax attorney, what advice should you give Emily regarding the current Sales and Use Tax Audit?

2. Would your advice change if the time remaining on the statute of limitations is 59 days instead of 70? Discuss. 3. Is ABC Inc. required to file a Florida corporate income tax return for calendar year 2014? Discuss. 4. Would your advice change if ABC Inc. sold its building in 2014 for a gain of $500,000? Discuss.

3.DP is a domestic (Florida) partnership with a foreign partner, Jose Perez, an individual who is neither a tax resident nor a citizen of the U.S. Jose resides in a country with whom the U.S. does not have an income tax treaty. In 2016, DP's income consists of (i) rental income from a commercial property it owns in Florida; (ii) dividend income from stocks it owns in U.S. corporations; (iii) dividend income from stocks it owns in foreign corporations; (iv) interest income from registered U.S. corporate bonds; (v) interest income from a U.S. bank account (unrelated to rental activities); and (vi) interest income from a foreign bank account.

(a) What, if any, are DP's tax withholding obligations with respect to Jose's distributive share of each type of DP's income?

(b) What, if any, are DP's reporting obligations with respect to its foreign bank account?

(c) What, if any, would be DP's tax withholding obligations with respect to Jose's distributive share of any gain realized by DP on the sale of its commercial rental property?

Mother and Father own a 2-acre parcel of undeveloped real estate ("Parcel"). Mother and Father are in their late 60s and in good health. They have two children (twins), Son and Daughter, finishing up their final year in graduate school. Son expects to graduate with a master's degree in Geriatrics. Daughter expects to graduate with a master's degree in Hospital Administration. In addition to the real estate, Mother and Father are financially secure and have rental properties and retirement income of approximately $5,000 a month. Mother and Father would like to be in a position to get additional cash flow from rental of the Parcel after it is developed. Son and Daughter have suggested to Mother and Father that they develop the Parcel with a brand new long-term nursing facility. Son and Daughter would assist in managing the construction of the facility and would be the sole managing operators of the nursing home once it opens for business. Assume that Son and Daughter have sufficient funds to enable them to properly capitalize any entity that will operate the nursing home. The Parcel is worth approximately $4 million and it will take another $3 million to build the facility. A bank is willing to loan Mother and Father $3 million against the property to build the facility. Once the facility is built, it is estimated to have a fair market value of at least $9 million. Mother and Father will give Son and Daughter each a 15% interest in the Parcel, including any improvements for their services, but do not want their children to transfer any of their interest without the parent's consent. The entire family has come to Attorney for advice on how to structure the transaction. Assume the following: 1. Attorney had previously prepared Mother and Father's Estate Plan; 2. Mother and Father want to go forward with Son and Daughter's plan but want to make sure that their other assets are protected; 3. The parties expect a tax loss from the nursing home operations for the first year but a substantial net profit for the ensuing years that could fluctuate between $1 -$2 million a year.

A. Which members of the family could Attorney represent in this transaction? Discuss.r