Jie is a manager who believes that he can force his subordinates to work extra hours through close supervision. He instills fear among employees by threatening to cancel bonuses if deadlines are not met. Jie could be described as a Multiple Choice Theory X manager according to McGregor. Theory Z manager according to Ouchi. manager who focuses on the hygiene factors proposed by Herzberg. Theory Y manager according to McGregor. manager who meets Maslow's esteem needs of employees