Johnnys Lunches is considering purchasing a new, energy-efficient grill. The grill will cost $46,000 and will be depreciated straight-line over 3 years. It will be sold for scrap metal after 5 years for $11,500. The grill will have no effect on revenues but will save Johnnys $23,000 in energy expenses. The tax rate is 30%.

Required:

a. What are the operating cash flows in each year? b. What are the total cash flows in each year? c. Assuming the discount rate is 12%, calculate the net present value (NPV) of the cash flow stream. Should the grill be purchased?