Karen gave a loaded gun to her seven year old nephew, Tim. Tim took the gun into his house and showed his father. Tim's father did not take it away from Tim. Tim the accidently shot a wounded Sam.. Sam sued Karen for negligence. Was Karen's negligent act the proximate cause of Sam's injury? Explain your answer.

Susan was injured when she was walking past Leslie's apartment. Leslie had installed a room unit air conditioner and Susan was struck by the air conditioner when it fell out of Leslie's second story window. Leslie owns her owns house and installed the air conditioner herself. Does res ipsa loquitur apply? Explain your answer.