Kloss $(1977)$ defines this policy towards the use of non$-$English languages where the rights of minorities to cultivate their languages in the private sphere is protected.

a$.$

Protection$-$oriented policy

b$.$

Tolerance$-$oriented policy

c$.$

Restrictive$-$oriented policy

d$.$

Enrichment$-$oriented policy

e$.$

Promotion$-$oriented policy