Lab $1$: Essential UNIX Operations

Objectives

At the end of this of lab, you should be able to:

$$ securely log in to a remote computer running a UNIX$-$like operating system

$$ read the manual page for any command

$$ use the UNIX file system

$$ edit a text file

Notes:

$$ In order to get familiar with UNIX, do all your work on UNIX.

$$ A command line interface may be harder to learn, but can be more powerful for scripting and automating tasks.

$$ Unlike in DOS, where a command can be run in both lower$-$ and uppercase, Unix commands are generally in lowercase.

Actions

$1.$ Login remotely to the Gator server of KPU using $$PUTTY$$ client $($PUTTY is a free and open$-$source terminal emulator$).$

$2.$ Every UNIX system maintains an internal clock that you can access to print the current system date and time. Type $$date$$ to see the current date and time.

$3.$ UNIX can be used concurrently by multiple users. Type "who" to see who is logged in$.$

$4.$ Type $$ps$$ to see the processes running on your terminal. You will see a process called bash $($shell$)$ is running. Note that each active process has a unique number.

$5.$ Type "man date" to see a description of the "date" command. Type $$man who$$ and $$man ps$$ to see the descriptions of the $$who$$ and $$ps$$ commands.

$6.$ Type "man man" to see a description of the "man" command.

$7.$ Use the "echo" command to create a one line file $($foo$1)$ with the content:

"Quick brown fox."

$8.$ Use the "cat" command to create a multi$-$line file $($foo$2)$ with the content:

First line

Second line

$9.$ Use $"$vi$"$ to save your name and student ID to foo$3$ text file

$10.$ Use $"$ls$"$ to list all the files in the current directory

$11.$ Use $"$mv$"$ to rename foo$3$ to foo$4.$

$12.$ Use $"$cp$"$ to make a copy of file foo$4,$ called foo$5.$

$13.$ Use $"$rm$"$ to delete foo$5.$

$14.$ Create a directory drafts and move foo$4$ there. Use utilities mkdir and mv$.$

$15.$ Change working directory to drafts and list all the files. Use cd and ls$.$

$16.$ Move back to your home directory and delete drafts directory. Note that rmdir would not delete a directory, unless it is already empty.

Create a directory Lab$1,$ in the Lab$1$ directory create a file answers.txt$.$

Change your working directory to Lab$1,$ follow the following steps, and put the answers to the following questions in answers.txt$.$

$17.[4]$ Look at the man page for the "uname" command. Use the $$uname$$ command with different options to find the following information.

a$.$ The name of your machine$$s operating system

b$.$ The version of the operating system

c$.$ The machine hardware name

d$.$ The network node hostname

Specify the uname option you use and the output for each in answers.txt file.

$18.[2]$ Explain how the "whatis" and "apropos" commands differ from the "man" command.

$19.[2]$ Explain how you delete a non$-$empty directory with one command.

$20.[6]$ Enter the following six commands, and note your observations in $$answers$.$txt$$:

who, tty$,$ tput clear, id$,$ ps and echo $$

$21.[2]$ Run the ps and note the PID of your shell. Log out and log in again and run ps again. What do you observe?

$22.[2]$ Create two file foo$1$ and foo$2,$ with the echo command, and then use

cat foo$1$ foo$2.$ What do you observe? Now run the command cat foo$[12],$ and note your observation.

$23.[2]$ Create a file foo containing the word hello dolly. Now create a directory bar, and then run mv foo bar. What do you observe when you run both ls and

ls bar?