Lab 10 - Ideal Gas Thermodynamics Lab Objectives To understand the ideal gas law, internal energy and the first law of thermodynamics. Procedure Set-Up . Go to the PhET simulation https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties . Click on the "+" sign next to "Particles" in the lower right corner. . On the pressure gauge, use the drop-down menu to read the pressure in kPa. Experiment 1: Constant Volume (Isochoric) Process 1. Under the words "Hold Constant", select Volume. This will hold the system at constant volume. 2. Add 500 Heavy Particles to the box. 3. Let the particles move around for a little while to let the pressure equilibrate. Since the number of particles (only 500) is so small compared to realistic gas systems, the pressure will never fully equilibrate, but let it approach a stable value. This should take no longer than 30 seconds. 4. Below, record the pressure p (in Pa, not kPa) (this will be an estimate since the pressure will never reach a true equilibrium) and temperature T (in K) in the box. Call these values pi and Ti . (Ans:4pts) pi = Ti = 5. Use the ideal gas law to solve for the volume of the box (in m'). Show your work below. (Note: because there are so few particles, the volume will be incredibly small!) Call this value V. (Ans:4pts) 6. Now, add heat to the system by dragging the slider in the bucket below the box to heat the gas. Do not keep the heat slider up for more than a few seconds or the pressure will become so large as to break the box. If you do break the box, reset the simulation (using the orange circle at the bottom right corner) and do steps 1-6 again. 7. Record the new (final) pressure and temperature below. (Ans: 4pts) pf = Tf = 8. Assuming this is a monatomic gas, solve for the change in internal energy of the system from the initial state to the final state. Show your work below. (Ans:4pts) 9. Draw a pV diagram for this process. On the diagram, mark the initial and final pressure as well as the volume. (Ans:4pts) 10. How much work was done by the gas in this process? Show your work and/or explain. (Ans:4pt. 11. Solve for the value of heat added to the gas during this process. Show your work. (Ans:4pts)381 K V Hold Constant Nothing Volume (V) Pressure Temperature (T) Pressure IV 74.2 atm Pressure IT Width k- - -H Stopwatch Collision Counter Particles .Heavy 500 . Light Cool