Lab Manual PHY-1570 (College Physics II) C. - green Summer - 2023 C3 = line down middle Name:Par 5 - Capacitor Combinations Introduction In this experiment we will explore series and parallel combinations of capacitors. The capacitance is a measure of a device's ability to store charge. Capacitors are passive electronic devices which have fixed values of capacitance and negligible resistance. The capacitance, C, is the charge stored in the device, Q, divided by the voltage across the device, V: c= 2 The SI unit of capacitance is the farad, 1 Farad = 1 Coulomb/1 Volt. Capacitance can also be calculated from the geometry of the device. For most practical devices, the capacitor consists of plates which are thin sheets of metal separated by a dielectric (insulating) material. For this reason, the schematic symbol of a capacitor has two vertical lines a small distance apart (representing the capacitor plates) connected to two lines representing the connecting wires as shown below. Sometimes the sheets are rolled up in a spiral to increase the overall area while keeping the device compact, leading to cylindrical shaped capacitors. A. Series Capacitors: Connecting capacitors in series means the components are connected at a single point, end to end as shown below in Fig la. 5the ) twoled conne Battery Battery Fig 1. (a) Capacitors in series (b) Capacitors in parallel The total capacitance for n capacitors in series is shown to be: (1) B. Parallel Capacitors Connecting capacitors in parallel means the components wired "across" each other as they are connected to a source as shown above in Fig 1b. Because conductors, i.e., wires, are equipotential, the capacitors have the same voltage of the source since they are connected to it through a conductor. In this lab, no source is necessary to measure capacitance of parallel capacitors given by:Lab Manual PHY-1570 (College Physics II) Summer - 2023 Cp = q, + C2 + C3 + ... + C, (2) Capacitance Values measured in isolation with DMM (individual): C1 = Purple Cap C2 = Dark Blue Cap C3 = Light Blue Cap Q: CV . 10 - 3 ( converted to millicoulombs ) Series connection Parallel Connection Capacitance (m Voltage (Volts Charge (mc) Capacitance (mF) Voltage (Volts) Charge (mc) C1 = 99 . 3 nt V1 = 210my Q1 = 2. 09 x19|CI = 99. 3nF| |V1 = 2. IV Q1= 2.08 x16-10 C2 = 97. 5 nF| V2 = 1 12 mv| Q2 = 1.09x10 | C2 = 97. 5 nF| V 2 = 2. 1 V Q2 = 2. 041 X 10 - 4C C3 = 97 8h F V3 = 74. 1 mv/ Q3 = 7. 25 x 10 9 C3 = 97. 8NF |V3= 2. IN Q3= 2.05 x 10- 10 0 Ceq measured = 3284 NF Ceq measured= 2 9q nF Ceq calculated = 32. 73 n F Ceq calculated 2 294.4 nE Percent difference = 10. 34% Percent difference - 1 1. 48% C. Connect all three capacitors in parallel/series combinations ERIES Parallel: Ceg calculated: : ( _ 19. 3 nF 97. 5 F 9 708 NF ) Cea calculated = 9913 n F + 97.SWF+ 97. 8 nF = 32. 73 nF 1 Cea= 294. 4 nF) CS Percent difference. C3 Percent diff = 129anF- 294. unft C1 29 9nF + 294. cent- XO Percent diff = 132.84 nF - 32.73 nFI 32. 84 nF + 32. 73 nF X 100 = 1. 48% 1 1= 0.34% Calculate the expected Csp in the space below: Csp (calculated)= Record the measured Csp: (measured) = 32. 84 -F Percent difference Laboratory setupLab Manual PHY-1570 (College Physics II) Summer - 2023 Questions For each connection, calculate the amount of energy stored in each of the three capacitors. Add up these energies to get the total energy stored in each of the series and parallel connections. 2. Calculate the amount of energy stored in the equivalent capacitance and show that this energy is equal to the sum of the energies stored in the individual capacitors for the series and parallel connections. 3. Which way should capacitors be connected to give you the largest amount of energy stored? w