Laboratory 5: Hydraulic Circuits I: Regeneration and Synchronization Objectives The objectives of this laboratory are: Being able to build and design hydraulic circuits on Automation Studio Understanding the function of regeneration circuits and how it works. Understanding the function of synchronization (in parallel and in series) for hydraulic circuit. Understanding how to build the circuits on the hydraulic trainer. Background and Theory A simple hydraulic circuit using a double-acting hydraulic cylinder was built on the hydraulic trainer in Laboratory 2 which is shown in Figure 1. The piston in the cylinder has two motions: extension and retraction. When the piston-rod is moving to the rod-end side, this is called the extension stroke. When the piston is moving toward the cylinder/blank end, this is called the retraction stoke as shown in Figure 2. Figure 1: Simple hydraulic circuit. Figure 2: Double acting hydraulic cylinder construction and the indication the piston movement during extension and retraction stroke. To calculate the velocity and the force during extension and retraction strokes, two equations will be used; the continuity equation and the pressure equation: v=Q_P/A F=p*A Where, Q_P: pump flow rate A: the effective area