Leadership and Management in Healthcare Organization Effective leadership is essential in health care organizations as in other organizations. It is necessary for driving innovation, effective patient care, patient safety, improving working within clinical teams, sorting out issues within emergency context and other aspects necessary for effective and efficient running of healthcare organizations. Transformational leadership has often been prescribed as the 'gold standard' of healthcare leadership (Gopee and Galloway 2009). As a recent graduate Allied health, you accepted a position on a governmental XYZ hospital. At your first unit meeting, Noor, unit manager, informs the staff that the patient satisfaction rating fell two points from the previous month. She asks everyone to reflect over the past month and submit their top three concerns to their unit supervisor by the next unit meeting. Noor states, "This is unacceptable. It is your problem, and it concerns me. We will increase our rating at least three points by the next quarter. I want reasons for this problem and expect each of you to submit your ideas to your unit supervisor promptly." Three-unit supervisors, one from each shift, were asked by Noor to make sure that the nurses addressed the issue. Reem, the day shift unit supervisor, decided to ask each staff individually over the next month for her ideas on the problem. To encourage a higher response rate, Reem had pizzas brought in on the day she presented the findings. She compiled the responses and reviewed them with the day shift staff with a consensus on the top three responses. Reem was able to obtain a 100% response rate by including all individuals in the decision. Ali, the evening shift unit supervisor, made a list of possible reasons and selected the top three. He then told the evening shift staff what the three reasons were and that he would submit the list to Noor for them. He spoke only to the staff working on a particular evening and, when questioned by the absent staff, Ali told them that they could speak to Noor individually. He added, "Like she said, it's your problem. Do what you want, but I'm not responsible for whatever happens with Noor." As the midnight shift unit supervisor, Sara let the staff decide on reasons and submit the responses independently. She thought that the staff had the right to accept or refuse participation and to be accountable as individuals. Sara stated, "The responses might be personal. I believe we have the right to stand up for our own conclusions and I will stand behind each of you." Sara also achieved 100% participation by the nurses. Instructions:

1. Describesome leadership approaches (Theories and Styles) applicable within the context of healthcare organizations? 2. Whatmanagement style did each of the three-unit supervisor (Reem, Ali, and Sara) display? Give a rationale for your choices? 3. Given the scenario, if you were the upper-level leader of the healthcare organization, what's one thing you would do differently? What is one thing you would do to improve the service provided by your organization?