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Lehighton Chalk Company manufactures sidewalk chalk, which it sells online by the box at $22 per unit. Lehighton uses an actual costing system, which means

Lehighton Chalk Company manufactures sidewalk chalk, which it sells online by the box at $22 per unit. Lehighton uses an actual costing system, which means that the actual costs of direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead are entered into work-in-process inventory. The actual application rate for manufacturing overhead is computed each year; actual manufacturing overhead is divided by actual production (in units) to compute the application rate. Information for Lehightons first two years of operation is as follows:

Year 1 Year 2
Sales (in units) 2,300 2,300
Production (in units) 2,700 1,900
Production costs:
Variable manufacturing costs $ 9,720 $ 6,840
Fixed manufacturing overhead 13,230 13,230
Selling and administrative costs:
Variable 9,200 9,200
Fixed 8,200 8,200

Selected information from Lehightons year-end balance sheets for its first two years of operation is as follows:

LEHIGHTON CHALK COMPANY
Selected Balance Sheet Information
Based on absorption costing End of Year 1 End of Year 2
Finished-goods inventory $ 3,400 $ 0
Retained earnings 8,150 15,180
Based on variable costing End of Year 1 End of Year 2
Finished-goods inventory $ 1,440 $ 0
Retained earnings 6,190 15,180

Lehighton Chalk Company had no beginning or ending work-in-process inventories for either year.

1. Prepare operating income statements for both years based on absorption costing.

2. Prepare operating income statements for both years based on variable costing.

Prepare a numerical reconciliation of the difference in income reported under the two costing methods used in requirements (1) and (2)

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