Lesson 7 :

12. A 62-g ball is dropped from the roof of a building 16 m above the ground. Neglecting air resistance, what is the ball's speed upon landing? a.18 m/s b.13 m/s c.8.9 m/s d.5.7 m/s 13. Two springs of identical mass are stretched the same amount and then launched vertically upward. Which of the following statements is true? a. The spring with the greater force constant will reach a greater height. b. The spring with the lesser force constant will reach a greater height. C. The spring with the lesser force constant will have a greater speed upon launch. d. The spring with the lesser force constant will require more force to stretch it. Investigation 3.5 in the reading material: -Springs of known masses are stretched a measured amount and then launched upward to a measured maximum height. The maximum gravitational potential energy (E) of a spring is compared to its maximum elastic potential energy (E elastic). 14. (three marks) The efficiency of the energy transformation from elastic potential energy to gravitational potential energy in Investigation 3.5 is calculated as follows: a. ^E g/^E elastic b. ^E elastic/^E g c. ^E g (^E elastic) d. none of the above. 15. Which of the following statements regarding the relationship between the terms heat and temperature is true? a. Heat is the total kinetic and potential energy of the atoms and molecules of a substance whereas temperature is a measure of their average kinetic energy. b. Heat is the total kinetic and potential energy of the atoms and molecules of a substance whereas temperature is a measure of their average potential energy. c. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from a warm body to a cooler one whereas temperature measures the quantity of thermal energy. d. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from a warm body to a cooler one whereas temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules of a substance. 16. What are the methods of heat transfer through solids, fluids, and a vacuum respectively? Explain each term. a. conduction, radiation, convection b. radiation, convection, conduction C. convection, conduction, radiation d. conduction, convection, radiation 17. (two marks) Campers stay warm sitting near a campfire as a result of a. primarily conduction b. primarily radiation C. primarily convection d. both conduction and convection 18. Which of the following is not part of the electromagnetic spectrum? a. microwaves b. X-rays C. radio waves d. sound waves Part B (Putting the Concepts to Work): Completion: Using your reading, answer the following questions. Give your answer as well as your strategy for determining your answer. As part of your answer, give the page number in the reference material or the website that you used to find the answer to the question. 19. A 125-g arrow is shot at a target some distance away. What is the arrow's gravitational potential energy relative to the ground when it reaches a height of 4.1 m above the ground?

Part A: (The Concepts): True/False: Answer each question given below by answering if the question is true or false. In the textbox given, include your explanation for your choice. Each question is worth two marks: one mark for the explanation and one mark for the correct answer. 1.Over the last 100 years, Canada has become steadily less dependent on nonrenewable energy resources. 2.One of the advantages of CANDU nuclear fusion reactors is their ability to be refueled without shutting them down. 3.Most energy resources can trace their origins back to the Sun Part B (Using the Concepts): Multiple Choice: Each question is worth different marks according to the strategy used. If calculations are required, the mark for the strategy will worth more marks and the final answer will be worth one mark. 4. Which of the following statements regarding the relationship between the terms heat and temperature is true? a. Heat is the total kinetic and potential energy of the atoms and molecules of a substance whereas temperature is a measure of their average kinetic energy. b. Heat is the total kinetic and potential energy of the atoms and molecules of a substance whereas temperature is a measure of their average potential energy. c. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from a warm body to a cooler one whereas temperature measures the quantity of thermal energy. d. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from a warm body to a cooler one whereas temperature 1s a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules of a substance. 5. What percentage of our energy consumption in Canada originates from renewable energy resources? a. less than 10% b. between 10% and 30% c. between 30% and 50% d. between 50% and 70% 6. Which of the following statements about fossil fuels is true? a. energy from fossil fuels began as radiant energy from the sun b. to make fossil fuels useful as energy sources, they must undergo transformations in energy-transformation devices c. fossil fuels possess chemical potential energy d. all of the above 7. Which is the correct order of the most-cleanly burning to the least-cleanly burning fossil fuels? a. oil, coal, gas b. gas, oil, coal c. oil, gas, coal d. gas, coal, oil 8. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of fossil fuels? a. they have a high energy content to mass ratio b. they have a wide variety of uses C. they contribute significantly to our energy requirements d. they will continue to be plentiful into the foreseeable future 9. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of CANDU nuclear reactors? a. emissions to the atmosphere are low b. Canada has considerable reserves of high-quality uranium c. CANDU reactors have impressive safety records d. CANDU reactors are relatively inexpensive to build and operate 10. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of producing electricity using solar cells? a. they are exceptionally environmentally-friendly b. since they transform radiant energy directly into electrical energy, the energy transformation consists of a single step C. they are highly efficient d. they can be used in a variety of portable devices 11. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of generating electricity by hydraulic means? a. hydraulic generating stations can be set up nearly anywhere b. hydraulic energy is renewable c. hydraulic energy is largely nonpolluting d. hydraulic generating stations are less expensive to operate 12. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of generating electricity by wind generators? a. wind generators are a proven technology b. wind is very consistent c. wind is renewable d. wind generators are nonpolluting 13. Which of the following energy sources would not be considered to be renewable? a. solar b. wind C. biomass d. nuclear 14. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of biomass energy extracted by burning wood? a. biomass energy has the potential of being renewable b. biomass energy uses products that would otherwise be discarded C. biomass energy is available in a wide variety of locations d. pollution tends to be minimal with biomass energy extracted by burning wood 15. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of utilizing geothermal energy? a. geothermal energy is environmentally friendly b. geothermal energy has the potential of supplying enormous quantities of energy C. geothermal energy can be used just about anywhere d. there is very little processing required to utilize geothermal energy 16. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of the hydrogen fuel cell? a. hydrogen fuel cells are nonpolluting b. hydrogen fuel cells operate at a low temperature C. hydrogen fuel cells are very efficient d. the hydrogen must be obtained from water, a process which is generally environmentally friendly 17. Which of the following would not be considered an advantage of an electric heat pump? a. electric heat pumps are relatively inexpensive to set up b. electric heat pumps are useful all year round c. electric heat pumps are nonpolluting d. electric heat pumps help save energy in the long run Part C (Putting the Concepts to Work): Completion: Using your reading, answer the following questions. Give your answer as well as your strategy for determining your answer. As part of your answer, give the page number in the reference material or the website that you used to find the answer to the question. 19. Nearly 85% of Canada's energy resources fall into the non-renewable category, leaving only 15% of the renewable variety. Aside from the fact than renewable energy resources can be harnessed indefinitely, what other advantages do they typically have? Give three examples of renewable energy resources, citing their advantages over non-renewable energy resources. Answer in full sentences and paragraphs. 20. A football is thrown by the quarterback to a receiver running down field. Describe the energy transformations that take place once the ball leaves the quarterback's hand until it reaches the receiver, and discuss how the law of conservation of energy applies in this example. 21. What are the common features in the design and operation of electrical generating facilities that utilize fossil fuels and fissile uranium as the primary energy sources? What is the energy transformation in each case?