Let us consider a Malthusian economy populated at time t with an aggregate population of size Nt. The population law of motion is described by the following equation: Nt+ 1 = Nt where u > 0 and a E(0,1) are parameters and yt denotes the income/output per capita at time t defined as: yt = where Yt denotes the aggregate level of income/output at time t which can be described by the following aggregate Cobb-Douglas production function: Yt = Z+XBL]-B where B E(0, 1) is a production parameter, Zt > 0 stands for the aggregate productivity level at time t, X denotes a fixed aggregate stock of land used in agriculture and Lt > 0 stands for the aggregate population of workers which is assumed to be a fraction 1 - & of the aggregate population: Lt = (1 - =) Nt where & E(0,1) denotes the fraction of the aggregate population that is part of an elite class of size Et at time t : Et = ENt Let xt stand for the land per capita at time t defined as