Let's proceed with the normalization process step by step.

Work Example:

Step $1$:

Identify and underline all the primary key$($s$)$ that contribute fully to the functional

dependence of other attributes.

Select primary keys with unique values to eliminate redundancy and determine other

attributes in the record.

Reserve any other attributes that could potentially become future primary keys as

transitive. Mllustrate the diagram following the sample example.

Note: Steps $1-3$ is just for your guideline to produce the final answer diagram and FDs in

Step $4.$

Based on sample dummy data, let's assume that

Attribute B is dependent on Attribute A$,$ where Attribute A determines the consistency of

Attribute $B$ values, such as $A1B1$ and $A2B2.$ Therefore, Attribute A can possibly

be a Primary Key.

Attribute $D,E,$ and $F$ are dependent on Attribute $C,$ where Attribute $C$ determines the

consistency of Attribute D$,$ E$,$ and F values, such as C$1$ D$1,$ E$1,$ F$1$ and C$2$ D$2,$ E$2,$

F$2.$ Therefore, Attribute $C$ can possibly be a Primary Key.

However, according to the assumption and the following table, Attribute A and Attribute

$C$ cannot be a single Primary Key because $A2$ and $C1$ produce repetitive values.

Nevertheless, the combination of Attribute A and Attribute $C$ ensures uniqueness for each

row, such as $\}\{1\},AC_1,$ and $AC_2.$

Primary Key: Attribute A and Attribute $C$

Step $2$:

Identify all the related attribute$($s$)$ that depend on a part of the primary key, which

contributes partially to functional dependence.

Add the previous diagram from Step $1$ as shown in the following sample example.

Step $3$:

Identify any related attribute$($s$)$ that depend on other non$-$primary keys, which contribute

to transitive functional dependence. Let's assume Attribute $D$ determines Attribute $E.$

Add the previous diagram from Step $2$ as shown in the following sample example.

Srep $4$:

Refer to the diagram from Step $3.$ Remove any redundancy, following the sample example.

List all the final functional dependencies $($FD$)$ and state the type of each.

Note: Please present your final answer in the form of a diagram and list the finctional

dependencies $($FDs$)$ as shown in the following example.

$FD1$: AttributeA, AttributeC $$ AttributeF $(Full\frac{y}{P}$rimary Key$)$

$FD2$: AttributeA $$ AttributeB $(Partial)$

$FD3$: AttributeC $$ AttributeD, AttributeE $(Partial)$

$FD4$: AttributeD $$ AttributeE $(Transitive)$

Note:

Some cases transitive finctional dependencies may not necessarily exist.

The attribute$($s$)$ on the left side of the arrow represents the primary key$($s$),$ while the

attribute$($s$)$ on the right side should be determined by only ONE value.

For example, in the case of the Matric name, a matric number can determine only ONE

student name, such as 'Ali'. It cannot determine multiple student names, such as both

'Ali' and 'Ahmad'. b$.$ Based on the list of functional dependencies $($FDs$)$ in $($a$),$ simplify the process of normalizing

the table into $1NF-3NF.$

Work Example:

Stepl: INF Table

$[$Tips: Each row and column must have a single data. Underline all the Primary Key $($PK$)]$

$1NF$

TableName$1$

Note: Key attributes are defined, and there are no repeating groups in the table. All attributes

are dependent on the primary key.

Step $2$: $2$NF Table

$[$Tips: Break the $1NF$ table and remove all partial and fully functional dependencies $($FDs$)]$

$2NF$

i$.$ TableName$1($AttributeA$,$ AttributeC, AttributeF$)$

ii$.$ TableName$2($AttributeA$,$ AttributeB$)$

iii. TableName$3($AttributeC$,$ AttributeD, AttributeE$)$

Tab SECTION B: WORK EXAMPLE PROBLEM$-$SOLVING

Answer all the questions based on the sample book loan records table provided.

Identify if there is any redundancy in the table above and justify your answer, using your

own simple words based on your understanding.

Answer:

Redundancy contributes to insertion, deletion, and update anomalies. Please provide

examples of each based on the record given in the table, using your own simple words and

understanding.

Answer:

Explain how to eliminate the insertion, deletion, and update anomalies, using your own

simple words based on your understanding.

Answer: