LIFO Perpetual Inventory

The beginning inventory at Funky Party Supplies and data on purchases and sales for a three-month period are as follows:

Date		Transaction	Number of Units		Per Unit		Total
Jan. 1		Inventory	2,500		$60.00		$150,000
10		Purchase	7,500		68.00		510,000
28		Sale	3,750		120.00		450,000
30		Sale	1,250		120.00		150,000
Feb. 5		Sale	500		$120.00		$60,000
10		Purchase	18,000		70.00		1,260,000
16		Sale	9,000		125.00		1,125,000
28		Sale	8,500		125.00		1,062,500
Mar. 5		Purchase	15,000		71.60		1,074,000
14		Sale	10,000		125.00		1,250,000
25		Purchase	2,500		72.00		180,000
30		Sale	8,750		125.00		1,093,750

Required:

1. Record the inventory, purchases, and cost of merchandise sold data in a perpetual inventory record similar to the one illustrated in Exhibit 5, using the last-in, first-out method. Under LIFO, if units are in inventory at two different costs, enter the units with the HIGHER unit cost first in the Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost column and LOWER unit cost first in the Inventory Unit Cost column. Round unit cost to two decimal places, if necessary.

Funky Party Supplies Schedule of Cost of Merchandise Sold LIFO Method For the three months ended March 31, 2016
	Purchases			Cost of Merchandise Sold			Inventory
Date	Quantity	Unit Cost	Total Cost	Quantity	Unit Cost	Total Cost	Quantity	Unit Cost	Total Cost
Jan. 1								$	$
Jan. 10		$	$
Jan. 28					$	$
Jan. 30
Feb. 5
Feb. 10
Feb. 16
Feb. 28
Mar. 5
Mar. 14
Mar. 25
Mar. 30
Mar. 31	Balances					$			$

2. Determine the total sales, the total cost of merchandise sold, and the gross profit from sales for the period.

Total sales	$
Total cost of merchandise sold	$
Gross profit from sales	$

3. Determine the ending inventory cost as of March 31, 2016. $

Feedback

1. When the perpetual inventory system is used, revenue is recorded each time a sale is made along with an entry to record the cost of the merchandise sold. LIFO means the last units purchased are assumed to be the first to be sold. Therefore after each sale, the remaining or ending inventory is made up of the first or earliest purchases. Think of your inventory in terms of "layers." The first sale comes from the most recent purchase layer. When deciding which layer to use for costing of each sale ask yourself: "Is there enough inventory left in the most recent purchase to cover the sale?" If not, the other units sold should be taken from the second most recent purchase layer, which then contains the most recent costs. Continue this process for each transaction. If you have done this problem correctly, the remaining units making up ending inventory will be costed at the June 1 beginning inventory and June 10 unit purchase price.

2. Total sales are obtained by taking the number of units sold times their sale prices for all sales and adding these amounts together. The total cost of merchandise sold can be obtained by adding the LIFO costs in the perpetual inventory record. Sales minus cost of merchandise sold equals gross profit.

3. The ending inventory is what is left after subtracting the cost of goods sold from the goods available for sale. Multiply the units remaining after the last sale by their corresponding earliest layer cost to determine the LIFO cost of the ending inventory.

Learning Objective 2, Learning Objective 3.

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