LIFO Perpetual Inventory

The beginning inventory of merchandise at Keats Office Supplies and data on purchases and sales for a three-month period are as follows:

Date		Transaction	Number of Units		Per Unit		Total
March 3		Inventory	48		$525		$25,200
8		Purchase	96		630		60,480
11		Sale	64		1,750		112,000
30		Sale	40		1,750		70,000
April 8		Purchase	80		700		56,000
10		Sale	48		1,750		84,000
19		Sale	24		1,750		42,000
28		Purchase	80		770		61,600
May 5		Sale	48		1,840		88,320
16		Sale	64		1,840		117,760
21		Purchase	144		840		120,960
28		Sale	72		1,840		132,480

Required:

1. Record the inventory, purchases, and cost of merchandise sold data in a perpetual inventory record similar to the one illustrated in Exhibit 4, using the last-in, first-out method. If units are in inventory at two different costs, enter the OLDEST units first.

Keats Office Supplies Schedule of Cost of Merchandise Sold LIFO Method For the three months ended May 31, 2014
	Purchases			Cost of Merchandise Sold			Inventory
Date	Quantity	Unit Cost	Total Cost	Quantity	Unit Cost	Total Cost	Quantity	Unit Cost	Total Cost
Mar. 3								$	$
Mar. 8		$	$
Mar. 11					$	$
Mar. 30
Apr. 8
Apr. 10
Apr. 19
Apr. 28
May 5
May 16
May 21
May 28
May 31	Balances					$			$

2. Determine the total sales, the total cost of merchandise sold, and the gross profit from sales for the period.

Total sales	$
Total cost of merchandise sold
Gross profit from sales	$

3. Determine the ending inventory cost as of May 31, 2014. $

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1. When the perpetual inventory system is used, revenue is recorded each time a sale is made along with an entry to record the cost of the merchandise sold. LIFO means the last units purchased are assumed to be the first to be sold. Therefore after each sale, the remaining or ending inventory is made up of the first or earliest purchases. Think of your inventory in terms of "layers." The first sale comes from the most recent purchase layer. When deciding which layer to use for costing of each sale ask yourself: "Is there enough inventory left in the most recent purchase to cover the sale?" If not, the other units sold should be taken from the second most recent purchase layer, which then contains the most recent costs. Continue this process for each transaction. If you have done this problem correctly, the remaining units making up ending inventory will be the March 3 beginning inventory and May 21 unit purchase price.

2. Total sales are obtained by taking the number of units sold times their sale prices for all sales and adding these amounts together. The total cost of merchandise sold can be obtained by adding the LIFO costs in the perpetual inventory record. Sales minus cost of merchandise sold equals gross profit.

3. The ending inventory is what is left after subtracting the cost of goods sold from the goods available for sale. Multiply the units remaining after the last sale by their corresponding earliest layer cost to determine the LIFO cost of the ending inventory.

Learning Objective 2, Learning Objective 3.