Lisa Seymour was a long-time customer of RBC Royal Bank (Canada) Ltd. (the Bank) having opened her account back in August 1992 at the Bay Street Branch. On or around 19 January 2020, the Banks systems had a glitch, which resulted in the Bank erroneously crediting Lisas account by $500. On 21 January 2020, Lisa checked her balance and it showed an amount of $1,200, which included the erroneous credit of $500 (in actuality, Lisa only had $700 on her account). In reliance on the statement of account, Lisa went and purchased a washer from Master Technicians for $900. On or around 30 January 2020, the Bank realized its system error and debited Lisas account by $500 which resulted in a negative overdraft of ($200) on her account. In March 2020, COVID hit The Bahamas and Lisa was furloughed from her job as a waitress at the Poseidons Table Restaurant at the Atlantis Hotel. Since that time, she has been struggling to stay afloat, and requested of the Bank a line of credit which increased her overdraft limit to $3,000, on the condition the overdraft is cleared in 30 days. Thirty days passed and while Lisa utilized the full extent of the overdraft paying various utilities and housing expenses, she did not clear the full overdraft. The Branch Manager, Dale Smith, contacted Lisa by phone on or around 11 June 2020 and told her that it was important she cleared the overdraft balance on her account as soon as possible. At the time of the call, Lisas overdraft balance was in the amount of ($2,245). Lisa and the Bank entered into a payment arrangement whereby she would make a $500 payment each week for the next five (5) weeks in order to clear the overdraft and applicable interests and fees. Lisa made three payments and then stopped. Dale tried to contact her, however, her telephone number was out of service. He also tried emailing her to the email contact on file but received a mail undeliverable message from that email. In August 2020, Dale found temp work with Stuart Cove, and Stuart Cove made out a cheque to her the end of August for her services that month in the amount of $2,000. Instead of paying it into her account, Dale indorsed it to Island Luck, a gaming company in The Bahamas, who also had an account with the Bank. Dale learned that the cheque in favor of Lisa was made out to Island Luck, he was furious! Dale contacted Atlantis, Dales employer from whom she was furloughed, and asked to speak to the Human Resources Manager, Mrs. Verena Adele. He went on to tell Mrs. Adele of how Lisa was outstanding on her obligations to the Bank and how a cheque in her name had been made out to Island Luck. Four weeks later, Mrs. Adele contacted Lisa and told her of Atlantis decision to terminate her services permanently; and mentioned the conversation she had with Dale.

INSTRUCTIONS: (1) Discuss and evaluate all the possible claims that Lisa has against the Bank.

(2) Discuss and evaluate all the possible defenses the Bank could advance in defending itself against any claim by Lisa against the Bank. Be sure to address all relevant legal rules/doctrines