Low-carbon steel with tensile strength = 300 MPa and shear strength = 230 MPa is turned at a cutting speed = 2.5 m/s. Feed = 0.30 mm/rev and depth of cut = 3.2 mm. Rake angle = 4 in the direction of chip flow. The resulting chip ratio = 0.5. Using the orthogonal model to approximate turning, determine the cutting force. Q = A = mm F = N = Fc = N F = N (6)