Magnetic Fieids Experiment APHOO' Objective I To investigate magnetic elds Materiais Computer with Internet Access Theory Magnetism gives rise to a wide range of phenomena. ln conjunction with electromagnels. it is commonly used in daily life. Here is a nonexhaustive list of items in your daily life that makes use of magnetism: Audio speakers VCRs Refrigerator doors Computer storage drives Car alternators Doorbells Electric generators Wireless phone chargers All magnets have two opposite magnetic poles: a North Pole and a South Pole. Magnets can exert forces which can Ilther attract or repel. lf two opposite polls Face each other. the magnets attract [pull towards]. lftwo ofti1e same poles face each other. the magnets repel [push away]. Two magnets create a force on each other at a distance much larger than the size of the magnets. This Force can he represented by drawing the magnetic eld around a magnet The magnetic eld is a magnetic force that surrounds a magnetic object at all points in space. The magnitude of the Earth's eld varies over the surface of the Earth. The horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic eld points toward the Magnetic North Pole [which must therefore have a South polarity]. is about St] microtesla on the surface of the Earth. The north end of a compass needle is attracted to the south end of the Earth's magnetic eld. So the pole. which is referred to as "North Magnetic Fole'. is actuallyr a south magnetic pole. Harm ltis known that magnetism is caused by the motion of electrons. Electric currents. the ow ol'charged particles. are sources of magnetic elds. in a solenoid [loops of conductive wire]. it is possible to generate an electromagnet. which behaves similarly to a permanent magnet made of iron. In the diagram above. the current I. ows through the solenoid. The magnetic eld produced along the central axis of the solenoid can be estimated with NJ B=Pa7 {1} \fwhere N is the number of turns. L is the length of the solenoid. th} is the permeability of free space [1.25615- xl'm MEIR]. The second part of this lab. an electromagnetic coil [solenoid]. is connected to an electric power source [battery]. The battety generates cun'ent that nuts through the coil which turns the ooil into a magnet. The solenoid has a north pole [N] and a south pole [5] just like a bar magnet. Procedure in this experiment we will continue to use an online simulation program to construct and observe magnetic phenomenon. All portions of this experiment use this same simulator program [which is free.] The simulations we're using are part of the m [Physics Education Technology] website developed at the University of {Zolorado Boulder. The simulation we are usingin this experiment is built usinglava. Java is free and can be dowrdoaded at the link below. We recommend testing the link at the beginning of Part before downloading lava. it"s a fairly standard program. and you may already have whatyou need to run the simulation without installing anything. Dmui'oadjova: hs:'|a'ra.oom en: downloadg' ul Help Website for Windows Ell Help Website for macGE Below are three different interactions between two magnets. For each. indicate in the blank provided if they Arm-act or Repel Each other. I